Chapter 10 Flashcards
1
Q
hemorrhage or thrombosis most often occurs secondary to..
A
some other altered physiologic process
2
Q
thrombocytopenia
A
too little platelets
3
Q
causes of thrombocytopenia
A
- genetic
- acquired (radiation)
- disease (leukemia)
- autoimmune
- hypersplenism (spleen working too well)
4
Q
what does thrombocytopenia lead to?
A
petechiae (small pinpoint hemorrhages)
5
Q
thrombocytosis
A
too many platelets
6
Q
causes of thrombocytosis
A
- trauma
- operations
- childbirth
7
Q
thrombosis
A
inappropriate activation of blood coagulation
8
Q
what contributes to thrombosis?
A
- endothelial cell injury
- abnormal blood flow
- hypercoagulability
9
Q
where can thrombosis occur?
A
arteries and veins
10
Q
virchows triad
A
- endothelial injury (atherosclerosis, turbulent blood flow)
- hypercoagulability (increased estrogen, trauma, surgery)
- altered blood flow (bifurcation of arteries, atherosclerosis, venous stasis)
11
Q
consequences of thrombosis
A
- deep vein thrombosis
- pulmonary embolism
- stroke
- heart attack
12
Q
treatment for thrombosis
A
anti-coagulants and anti-platelets
13
Q
what are different anti-coagulants?
A
- warfarin (coumadin)
- reduced amount of vitamin K availability
- decrease risk of clot formation
- heparin
- inactivates thrombin (creates fibrin)
14
Q
what are different kinds of anti-platelets?
A
- aspirin (inhibits thrombaxane A2 formation
- plavix
15
Q
too little coagulant can be..
A
- genetic (hemophilia - bleed a lot)
- acquired (liver disease, lack of vitamin K)
