Chapter 10,11,12 Flashcards by Nicole Rodriguez

Veins draining the head and arms empty into the

superior vena cava

inferior vena cava

great saphenous vein

common iliac vein

superior vena cava

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Which of the following formed elements is phagocytic?
Erythrocytes
Basophils
Monocytes
Lymphocytes

Monocytes

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The pointed, inferior portion of the heart is known as the
pericardium

mediastinum

base

apex

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Which of the following are formed elements?
Leukocytes
Platelets
Erythrocytes
All of these listed

All of these listed

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Polycythemia Vera will result in
Exceptionally high blood volume
Abnormally high blood viscosity
Overproduction of WBCs
Abnormally low hematocrit

Abnormally high blood viscosity

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The layer of the heart wall that is made of muscle is

pericardium

myocardium

endocardium

epicardium

myocardium

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Little Lisa is pale and fatigued. What disorder of erythrocytes might she be suffering from?

Anemia
Polycythemia

Anemia

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If you had a severe infection, would you expect your WBC count to be closest to

None of these listed
5,000
15,000
10,000

15,000

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What is the blood volume of an average-sized adult?

About 9-10 liters/quarts
About 7-8 liters/quarts
About 5-6 liters/quarts
About 3-4 liters/quarts

About 5-6 liters/quarts

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The leukocyte that releases histamine and other inflammatory chemicals is the
Neutrophil
Monocyte
Eosinophil
Basophil

Basophil

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The tricuspid valve is located between the

right atrium and right ventricle

right atrium and left atrium

left ventricle and aorta

left ventricle and pulmonary artery

right atrium and right ventricle

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What is the role of hemoglobin in the red blood cell? Mark all that apply

Transportation of small amount of carbon dioxide

Produce plasma proteins

Transportation of oxygen

None of these listed

Transportation of small amount of carbon dioxide

Transportation of oxygen

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Pulmonary arteries transport

oxygenated blood to the heart

oxygenated blood to the lungs

blood rich in carbon dioxide to the right atrium

blood rich in carbon dioxide to the lungs

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Which of the following is not typical of leukocytes?

The most numerous cells in the blood-stream
Amoeboid movement
Nucleated cells
Phagocytic (some)

The most numerous cells in the blood-stream

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What determines whether blood is bright red (scarlet) or dull red?

Amount of carbon dioxide

Amount of oxygen

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Which one of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood?

coronary sinus

pulmonary vein

pulmonary artery

superior vena cava

pulmonary vein

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The two superior receiving chambers of the heart are _____, while the two inferior discharging chambers of the heart are _____.

atria; ventricles

ventricles; atria

arteries; veins

veins; arteries

atria; ventricles

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Which white blood cells are the most important in making antibodies for the immune response?

Lymphocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
Neutrophils

Lymphocytes

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Plasma without the clotting factors is called
Tissue factor
Serum
Fibrin
Whole blood

Serum

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The transportation of blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart is known as _____ circulation.

cardiac

coronary

pulmonary

systemic

pulmonary

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A child is diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. This means that

One parent had sickle cell anemia
One parent carried the sickle cell gene
Both parents carried the sickle cell gene
Both parents had sickle cell anemia

Both parents carried the sickle cell gene

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The structures that anchor the valves to the ventricles walls

pericardium

myocardium

semilunar cords

chordae tendineae

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Which body organ plays the main role in producing plasma proteins?
Bone marrow
Liver
Brain
Spleen

Liver

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What structure divides the left ventricle from the right ventricle?

interatrial septum

interventricular septum

bicuspid valve

tricuspid valve

interventricular septum

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Which valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle? bicuspid (mitral) valve pulmonary semilunar valve tricuspid valve aortic semilunar valve

tricuspid valve

In a person with sickle cell anemia, sickling of RBCs can be induced by All of these listed Vigorous exercise Blood loss Stress

All of these listed

A condition resulting from thrombocytopenia is Petechiae Thrombus formation Embolus formation Hemophilia

Petechiae

Which of the following cells fragments into platelets? Hemocytoblast Agranulocyte Megakaryocyte Myeloid stem cell

Megakaryocyte

What is the most common blood type? AB negative O positive O negative AB positive

O positive

How does fetal hemoglobin differ from that of the adult? HbF has greater ability to bind oxygen HbF has lesser ability to bind oxygen

HbF has greater ability to bind oxygen

Inferior vena cavae return blood to the heart from all regions above the diaphragm. True False

False

The visceral epicardium is also called the epicardium either endocardium or epicardium endocardium myocardium

epicardium

Which would not lead to increased erythropoiesis? Reduced blood flow to the kidneys Decreased level of physical activity Chronic bleeding ulcer Reduction in respiratory ventilation

Decreased level of physical activity

The heart is in the cavity known as the pleural cavity hiatus hilus mediastinum

mediastinum

Which of the following cannot cause problems in a transfusion reaction? Blockage of kidney tubules Lysis of RBCs Clogging of small vessels by agglutinated clumps of RBCs Donor antibodies attacking recipient RBCs

Donor antibodies attacking recipient RBCs

What factor enhances the risk of thrombus formation in blood vessels? Physical trauma All of these listed Inactivity Atherosclerosis

All of these listed

Pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the skin brain lungs body

lungs

Which vessels return oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart? pulmonary arteries inferior vena cava superior vena cava pulmonary veins

pulmonary veins

During systole, blood is ejected from the ventricles True False

True

Which of the following is the protein released by lymphocytes? Antibody Antigen

Antibody

What is true about albumin? Is a blood buffer All of these listed are true Transports certain molecules Helps maintain blood pressure

All of these listed are true

Semilunar valves prevent backflow into atria when ventricles contract. True False

False

Blood is returned to the right side of the heart from the lungs. True False

False

An incompetent aortic semilunar valve would allow blood to backflow from the left ventricle to the left atrium aorta to the left ventricle right ventricle to the right atrium aorta to the left atrium

aorta to the left ventricle

A blood pressure reading is written as diastolic pressure over systolic pressure. True False

False

The normal resting heart rate beats per minute 50 60 40 90

The heart sounds "lub" and "dub" result from opening of the heart valves blood rushing through the chambers closure of heart valves contraction of the heart

closure of heart valves

What blood-related disorders are particularly common in the elderly? Mark all that apply Pernicious anemia Sickle Cell Disease Leukemia Clotting disorders

Pernicious anemia Clotting disorders Leukemia

Valve in the aorta tricuspid valve aortic semilunar valve bicuspid valve pulmonary semilunar valve

aortic semilunar valve

If a Rh- mother becomes pregnant, when can hemolytic disease of the newborn not possibly occur in the child? If the child is Rh+ None of these listed If the child is Rh- If the father is Rh+

If the child is Rh-

What is the probable result of infusing mismatched blood? None of these listed Both coagulation and agglutination agglutination coagulation

agglutination

What property of RBCs dooms them to a limited life span of about 120 days? Lack of mitochondria Lack of nucleus

Lack of nucleus

Which term means ventricle contraction? tachycardia systole fibrillation diastole

systole

What is the name of the stem cell that gives rise to all formed elements? Agranulocyte Hemocytoblast Myeloid stem cell Megakaryocyte

Hemocytoblast

What are the classes of human blood groups based on? Antigens Antibodies None of these listed Both antigens and antibodies

Antigens

The first heart sound, "lub," is caused by the closure of the _____ valves. tricuspid aortic semilunar pulmonary

tricuspid

During diastole, the bicuspid and tricuspid (mitral) valves are closed. True False

False

Definition of Hypotension: "Whenever diastolic blood pressure falls below 100 mm Hg." True False

False

What is largest artery in the body? dorsalis pedis artery femoral artery common carotid artery aorta

aorta

Blood leaves the left ventricle through the superior vena cava coronary sinus aorta pulmonary trunk

aorta

The path of blood flow within the systemic vascular system is arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, veins, venules arterioles, arteries, venules, veins, capillary beds arterioles, arteries, capillary beds, veins, venules

arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins

Prevents blood from backflowing from the aorta into the heart tricuspid valve bicuspid (mitral) valve aortic semilunar valve pulmonary semilunar valve

aortic semilunar valve

Capillaries are composed only of tunica media. True False

False

The mitral valve is normally closed when the atrium is contracting when the ventricle is relaxed when the ventricle is in diastole when the ventricle is in systole

when the ventricle is in systole

What blood vessels carry blood away from the heart? capillaries arteries veins venae cavae

arteries

The chamber with the thickest walls right atrium left atrium left ventricle right ventricle

left ventricle

Which type of vessel only has a tunica intima layer? veins venules arterioles capillaries

capillaries

The sinoatrial (SA) node is the pacemaker of the heart. True False

True

he coronary veins empty blood from the myocardium into superior vena cava inferior vena cava pulmonary vein coronary sinus

coronary sinus

From innermost to outermost, the three layers of a large vessel are the tunica intima, media, and externa. True False

True

The parts of the aorta are the ascending aorta, aortic arch, thoracic aorta, and the abdominal aorta. True False

True

Which of the following is often called the pacemaker of the heart? bundle of His Purkinje fibers atrioventricular (AV) node sinoatrial (SA) node

sinoatrial (SA) node

Which one of the following areas is NOT a pulse point? radial artery posterior tibial artery renal artery dorsalis pedis artery

renal artery

Exchanges between blood and tissue cells occur in capillary beds. True False

True

Which of the following increases heart rate? parasympathetic nervous system cold Vagus nerve epinephrine

epinephrine

Blood pressure is highest in the arteries and is zero in the vena cavae. True False

True

The partition where the bundle branches are located is called the interatrial septum right atrioventricular groove interventricular septum left atrioventricular groove

interventricular septum

Veins have _____ to prevent the backflow of blood. tunics shunts valves sphincters

valves

The vessel that drains blood from the digestive tract organs to the liver renal vein inferior vena cava hepatic portal vein hepatic vein

hepatic portal vein

Increased firing of the parasympathetic nervous system causes increased cardiac output. True False

False

Which arteries have blue blood? pulmonary coronary hepatic systemic

pulmonary

The coronary arteries supply oxygen to the myocardium. True False

True

Veins ________ operate under high pressure transport oxygen-rich blood carry blood away from the heart often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood

often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood

The Purkinje fibers directly transmit impulses to the walls of the ventricles. True False

True

What empties deoxygenated blood from the myocardium to the right atrium? circumflex artery pulmonary vein coronary sinus coronary artery

coronary sinus

What effect does the sympathetic nervous system have on the diameter of blood vessels? vasoconstriction no effect vasodilation, then vasoconstriction vasodilation

vasoconstriction

What organs are served by the renal arteries and veins? lungs ovaries kidneys testes

kidneys

The Vagus nerve causes the blood pressure to increase heart rate to increase, then decrease heart rate to increase heart rate to decrease

heart rate to decrease

The renal veins carry oxygen-rich blood to the kidneys. True False

False

When precapillary sphincters are closed, blood bypasses that region. True False

True

The sinoatrial (SA) node is located in the left atrium interventricular septum right atrium aorta

right atrium

Coronary artery disease results from temporary loss of oxygen to the heart scar tissue in the myocardium the accumulation of fatty deposits within blood vessels incompetent venous valves

the accumulation of fatty deposits within blood vessels

Blood from capillaries then goes to venules venae cavae arterioles arteries

venules

Blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg is myocardial infarction hypertension circulatory shock orthostatic hypotension

hypertension

Which of the following promotes vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure? angiotensin II alcohol epinephrine sympathetic nervous system

alcohol

Which of the following is NOT a branch of the coronary arteries? circumflex artery coronary sinus anterior interventricular artery left coronary artery

coronary sinus

Which fetal shunt bypasses the lungs by directly connecting the right and left atrium? umbilical vein ligamentum arteriosum foramen ovale ductus arteriosus

foramen ovale

Oxygenated blood nourishing the myocardium comes from venae cavae pulmonary veins pulmonary arteries coronary arteries

coronary arteries

Which of the following connect to the lymph node at the hilum? Trabeculae Afferent lymphatic vessels Anchoring filaments Efferent lymphatic vessels

Efferent lymphatic vessels

What ensures that lymph flows slowly through lymph nodes? More afferent vessels entering than efferents leaving Fewer afferent vessels entering than efferents leaving.

More afferent vessels entering than efferents leaving

Lymphatic vessels most closely resemble Veins Thymus gland Arteries Nerves

Veins

Which lymphoid organ gets rid of aged red blood cells? The spleen The tonsils The thymus Peyer patches

The spleen

Lymphatic vessels pick up fluid from blood inside the cells None of these listed interstitial space

interstitial space

Lymph capillaries Contain valves. Have special barriers that stop cancer cells from entering Have continuous tight junctions Are open ended, like drinking straws.

Contain valves.

Which of the following capillaries are blind ended? Lymphatic Blood

Lymphatic

Which of the following belongs to MALT? Mark all that apply Spleen Peyer patches Liver Tonsils

Peyer patches Tonsils

Which of the following is part of MALT? Lymph nodes Spleen Appendix Thymus

Appendix