Chapter 10 & 11 Flashcards
Endocrinology
study of hormones
endocrinologist
person who studies hormones
Hormone
chemicals that subtly & profoundly influence many activities in the body
Homeostasis
same state of standing, equilibrium
Hypophysis
below growth/growing
Hypothalamus
below thalamus
Adenohypophysis / anterior pituitary
gland below growth
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
pertaining to changing the adrenal cortex
Somatotropic
pertaining to body changing
Corpus luteum
yellow body blob on the ovary to maintain a pregnancy
Prolactin
for milk hormone
Mammary
pertaining to a breast
Neurohypophysis / posterior pituitary
nerve below growth
Antidiuretic
against urination
Polyuria
condition of much urine
Polydipsia
condition of much thirst
Oxytocin
fast birth hormone
Colostrum
first milk that contains maternal antibodies
Triiodothyronine
pertaining to 3 iodine thyroid
Tetraiodothyronine, thyroxine
pertaining to 4 iodine thyroid
Metabolism
process of change
Hyperthyroidism
condition of excess thyroid
Thromboembolism
process of throwing a clot
Calcitonin
hormone that controls calcium homeostasis
Thyroidectomy
surgical removal of thyroid
Parathyroid (glands)
near thyroid
Hypothyroidism
condition of insufficient thyroid
Endocrinopathy
disease of hormones
Autoimmune
self protection
Thyroiditis
thyroid inflammation
Exogenous
growing or originating from outside an organism
endogenous
growing or originating from within an organism
Lethargy, lethargic
pertaining to drowsiness
Iatrogenic
pertaining to physician produced
Extracellular
pertaining to outside of cells
Osteosarcoma
aggressive form of bone cancer
Excise, excised
cut out
Histopathology
microscopic study of tissue for disease
Prognosis
forecast of outcome
Immunosuppression
state of reduced protection
Hypoadrenocorticism / Addison’s disease
state or condition of insufficient adrenal cortex
Hyperadrenocorticism / Cushing’s disease
state of excess adrenal cortex
Hyponatremia
low sodium blood condition
Dehydration
state of reduced water
Exocrine
secreted and sent out of body
Hyperglycemia
excess glucose blood condition
Ketosis
condition of ketones
Gonads
reproductive organs that produce hormones
Estrogens
estrus/heat producing
Ovulation
release of egg from follicle
Androgen, androgenous
male producer, male producing
Gustation, gustatory
to taste
Tactile
to touch
Prehensile
pertaining to grasp
Olfaction
sense of smell
Interdigital
pertaining to between toes
Pheromones
chemical scent markers
Auditory
to hear
Acoustic
pertaining to sound
Otic
pertaining to the ear
Pinna
external ear
External acoustic meatus / ear canal
opening or pathway
Cerumen
ear wax
Otic ossicles
small bones
malleus
1st otic ossicle attached to the ear drum, resembles a hammer
incus
2nd otic ossicle that malleus strikes against
stapes
last otic ossicle that is forged
Ototoxic
pertaining to poison ear
Otitis – interna, externa and media
ear inflammation
Aural
pertaining to the ear
Otodectes cynotis / ear mites
ear biter
Otoscope
instrument used to examine the ears
Nocturnal
active at night
Proptose, proptosis
to fall before
Exophthalmos
eyes bulging out
Palpebrae, palpebral reflex
pertaining to eyelid
Ophthalmologist
specialist who studies the eye
Lagophthalmos
eyelids don’t fully close
Ptosis
to fall, inability to open eyelids fully, upper eyelid droops
Nasolacrimal
pertaining to nose tears
Nictitating membrane
3rd eyelid
Prolapse / “Cherry eye”
protrusion, pinkish red round blob at medial canthus
Conjunctiva
join together, thin, delicate, vascular mucous membrane joined together with eyelids and globe
Sclera
white of eye
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS)
inflammation of cornea conjunctiva
Extraocular
pertaining to outside the eye
Strabismus
deviation of the eyeball that cannot be overcome
Intraocular
pertaining to inside the eye
Mydriasis, mydriatic
pupil dilation
Miosis, miotic
pupil constriction
Anisocoria
condition of unequal pupils
Pupillary
pertaining to the pupil
Aqueous humor
liquid in posterior chamber
Vitreous humor / vitreous body
transparent mass of gelatinous material
Optometrist
specialist in vision measure
Photosensitive
light sensitive
Uvea
comprised of choroid, iris, ciliary tissues
Uveitis
uvea inflammation
Synechia
adhesion
Blepharospasm
eyelid acute violent muscular contraction
Hyphema
blood in anterior chamber
Tonometry
pressure measuring
Glaucoma
chronic condition of eye
Enucleation
surgical removal of eye
Ectropion
out turning
Entropion
in turning
Blepharoplasty
eyelid reconstructive surgery
Otoliths
ear stones
Static equilibrium
equilibrium when we’re not moving
dynamic equilibrium
equilibrium when the body is moving
Vertigo
illusion of revolving, surroundings are spinning out of control
Nystagmus
drowsiness, nodding