chapter 1 (woods)

Question 1

main two types of timber

Answer 1

hardwood

softwood

Question 2

hardwood aesthetics and properties (6 points to know)

Answer 2

• from decidious(leaf losing trees)
• slower growing (takes up to 100 years)
• more expensive than softwood
• more fibrous than softwoods
• fibres are smaller and more compact •the greater density the greater it’s mechanical strength

Question 3

properties and aesthetics of softwoods (7 things to know)

Answer 3

• from coniferous (cone bearing) trees
• evergreen
• grow in 30 years so cheaper and more sustainable
• very resinous
• made of tube like cells
• less dense than hardwood
• prone to water damage as it will absorb water if end grain is exposed/ left untreated

Question 4

what hardwoods and softwoods do you need to know? (5 overall)

Answer 4

hardwoods; 
Mahogany 
Oak
Beech
Ash

softwood;
Pine

Question 5

annual rings (2)

Answer 5

• variations of cells in trees are seen as annual rings and they can be counted to see how old the tree is
• scientists can see the growth patterns to give an indication of the climate and environmental conditions at the time of the growth

Question 6

growth of timber(3)

Answer 6

• during growing season, the trees thickness and height increases
• cells produced in drier summer months have thicker cell walls
• the summer growth is responsible for the mechanical strength of the timber.

Question 7

natural wood is subject to 4 types of movement that will in some cases make the wood unusable, what are they?

Answer 7

• warping
• bowing
• cupping
• splitting

Question 8

what will knots do to the timber?

Answer 8

generate weakness but may be seen from an aesthetic point of view

Question 9

Hardwoods; MAHOGANY

properties (2)

Answer 9

durable

medium density

Question 10

Hardwoods; MAHOGANY

uses(4)

Answer 10

• indoor furniture
• interior woodwork
• window frames
• veneers

Question 11

Hardwoods; MAHOGANY

pros(2)

Answer 11

• finishes well

* relatively easy to work

Question 12

Hardwood; MAHOGANY

cons(2)

Answer 12

• prone to warping

* some tropical types can be a bit soft and fibrous

Question 13

Hardwood; OAK

properties (4)

Answer 13

• hard
• tough
• durable
• high density

Question 14

Hardwood; OAK

uses(4)

Answer 14

• high quality furniture
• garden benches
• boat building
• veneers

Question 15

Hardwood; OAK

pros(1)

Answer 15

•finishes well

Question 16

Hardwoods; OAK

cons(1)

Answer 16

•contains acid which corrodes steel

Question 17

Hardwoods; BEECH

properties(2)

Answer 17

• hard

* tough

Question 18

Hardwoods; BEECH

uses(4)

Answer 18

• workshop benches
• children’s toys
• interior furniture
• kitchen chopping boards and worktops

Question 19

Hardwoods; BEECH

pros(2)

Answer 19

• turns well

* finishes well

Question 20

Hardwoods; BEECH
cons
(1)

Answer 20

•prone to warping

Question 21

Hardwoods; ASH

properties (3)

Answer 21

• tough
• flexible
• good elasticity

Question 22

Hardwoods; ASH

uses(4)

Answer 22

• sports equipment
• ladders
• laminated furniture
• tool handles

Question 23

Hardwoods; ASH

pros(1)

Answer 23

•flexible

Question 24

Hardwood; ASH

cons (1)

Answer 24

•can become splintered

Question 25

Softwood; PINE

properties(1)

Answer 25

•lightweight

Question 26

Softwood; PINE

uses(4)

Answer 26

• constructional woodwork (joists, roof trusses)
• floorboards
• children’s toys
• garden decking

Question 27

Softwood; PINE

pros(2)

Answer 27

• nice colour and grain pattern

* grows quickly in comparison to hardwoods

Question 28

Softwood; PINE

cons(2)

Answer 28

• prone to warping

* knots can fall out and leave holes

Question 29

what can wood can be used for , 6 points (and why, 1 reason )

Answer 29

it's very versatile so is used for;
•fuel for fires
•weapons
•cooking utensils 
•transportation 
•structures for housing/ furniture
•it's fibres are used for the production of paper