Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Sociology > Chapter 1 - What Is Sociology? > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - What Is Sociology? Flashcards

(54 cards)

Start Studying
0
Q

Sociology

A

Studies human society and social behavior

-more complex and advanced societies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Social Sciences

A

Disciplines that study human social behavior or institutions and the functions of human society in a scientific manner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Social interaction

A

How people relate to one another and influence each other’s behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Social phenomena

A

Observable facts or events that involve human society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Anthropology

A

Comparative study of past and present cultures

  • figure out culture based on artifacts
  • simple, less advanced present cultures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Psychology

A

Study of behavior and mental processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Social psychology

A

Study of how social environment affects an individual’s behavior and personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Economics

A

Analyses the choices people make to satisfy their needs and wants
- effects of certain economic factors on groups of people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Political science

A

Examination of the principles, organization, and operation of government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

History

A

Studies the people and events of the past

-used to explain current social behaviors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was the impact of the Internet on sociology?

A
  • created new form of isolation

- access to more information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are parts of the sociological perspective?

A
  1. Look at life in scientific, systematic way - not what’s in media
  2. Look at hidden meanings behind actions
  3. Behavior is influenced by social factors - learned by others
  4. “Viewing the world from others’ eyes”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is sociological imagination? Whose idea was this?

A

The ability to see the connection between the larger world and your personal life. - C. Wright Mills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What were social and political changes during the Industrial Revolution?

A
  1. Rural economy gave way to large scale production
  2. Factory replaced home
  3. Growth of cities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What factors lead to creation of sociology?

A
  1. ) Rapid social and political changes during industrial revolution
  2. ) Urban population growth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What did urban population growth cause?

A
  1. Higher number of unemployed
  2. Housing shortages
  3. Crime and pollution increased
  4. Impersonal nature of city living
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who was Auguste Comte?

A

Founder of sociology

  • applied methods of physical science
  • looked at cause and effect of French Revolution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What were Auguste Comte’s area of study?

A

Social order and social change

  1. Social statics
  2. Social dynamics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Social statics

A

Certain processes that hold society together

- family, government, economics, education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Social dynamics

A

Definite processes that cause societal change

-war, elections, shift in power, media, technology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Who was Harriet Martineau?

A

She published “Society in America”

  • reported on marriage, family, race relations, education, and religion
  • objectivity
  • thought scholars should advocate change to solve the problems they studied
  • women’s rights, religious tolerance, end of slavery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What did Herbert Spencer say?

Study These Flashcards
A

Society is a set of interdependent parts that work together to maintain the system over time

  • social change and unrest are natural occurrences in evolution toward perfection and stability
  • best aspects of society survive
  • social Darwinism
22
Q

What is Social Darwinism?

Study These Flashcards
A

Only the fittest societies survive

23
Q

Who influenced Herbert Spencer?

Study These Flashcards
A

Charles Darwin

24
What did Karl Marx believe?
Society is divided into two classes - bourgeoisie - proletariat
25
Bourgeoisie
Capitalists, own materials and methods of production
26
Proletariat
Workers, own labor
27
What would class conflict cause? Class conflict is the primary cause of social change.
Proletariat would overthrow power and a classless society would form
28
Who were the early European scholars?
Karl Marx, Herbert spencer, Harriet Martineau, Auguste Comte
29
What were Emily Durkheim's beliefs?
Society is a set of interdependent parts with each having a specific functionality - only study observable things
30
Function
Consequences that an element of society produced for the maintenance of its social system
31
What was Emile Durkheim's focus?
Functions of religion in maintaining social order | -shared beliefs and values
32
What was the first sociological study on?
Suicide
33
What was Max Weber's focus?
Separate groups within society | - effect of society on individuals
34
Verstehen
Attempt to understand the meanings individuals attach to their actions (in someone else's shoes) -Weber
35
Ideal type
General description of essential characteristics of a feature of society - school, government body - Weber
36
What was the Chicago School Sociologists focus?
Group interactions and impact of society in individual development - lead to INTERACTIONIST PERSPECTIVE - should include practical solutions to social problems
37
What did Jane Addams do?
Opened Hull House which offered welfare, educational, and recreational services for the poor
38
What did Addams write?
Hull House Maps and Papers - wages, sweatshops, child labor, living conditions - first serious discussion about industrialization and urbanization
39
Who was W.E.B. DuBois?
An African American sociologist that wrote The Philadelphia Negro. - lived in black community - first empirical community study - race was an issue that needed to be addressed
40
Theory
Explanations of the relationships among particular phenomena
41
Theoretical perspective
Set of assumptions about the nature of things
42
Functionalist perspective
View society as a set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system - held together through consensus - functions of family, religion, education and economy - positive consequences for society as a whole - dysfunction, manifest function, latent function
43
Dysfunction
Negative consequence an element has for the stability of the social system - creates social problems - can lead to social change
44
Manifest function
Win tended and recognized consequence of some element of society
45
Latent function
Unintended and unrecognized consequence of an element of society
46
Conflict perspective
Focus on the focus in society that promote competition and change - those that have power control who don't - interested in violent and nonviolent competition - decision making in family, relationships in racial groups, workers
47
Feminist perspective
View society as a gender/sex system in which men dominate women - things considered masculine are more highly valued - reinforced by social institution of
48
Interactionist perspective
Focuses on how individuals interact with one another - interested in meaning individuals attach to actions - TOI- child development, relationship within small groups, mate selection - symbols
49
Symbol
Anything that represents something else | -must be accepted
50
Symbolic interaction
How people use symbols when interacting | -meaning, language, thought
51
Macro sociology
Study of large scale systems or society as a whole - functionalist - conflict
52
Micro sociology
Looking at small group settings and the face to face interactions among group members -INTERACTIONIST
53
Globalization
Development of economic, political, and social relationships that stretch worldwide

Sociology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions