Chapter 1 Topics 5 and 6

Question 1

experimental research

Answer 1

1. manipulation of one variable and
2. measuring changes in another variable
3. while holding all other factors constant (control for other variables)

Question 2

variable

Answer 2

• a property whose value can change across individuals and over time
• a characteristic that can vary

Question 3

independent variable

Answer 3

• the variable that is manipulated in an experiment

Question 4

dependent variable

Answer 4

• the variable that is measured in a study

Question 5

Types of research: experiments
between subjects (or between groups) design

Answer 5

• each group in the experiment is composed of a different set of participants

Question 6

repeated measures (or within subjects) design

Answer 6

• each participant is exposed to all the conditions of an independent variable
• often 2 groups that receive the two treatments in different orders to test for carry-over effects

Question 7

mixed design

Answer 7

an experimental design that combines within-subjects and between-subjects methods of data collection

before using this, check if this design is necessary because, if not, it is a waste of time

Question 8

Ethics in research
ethical standards

Answer 8

• designed to protect the welfare of both human and animal subjects in psychological research

Question 9

ethics
psychologists must… (5 things)

Answer 9

1. protect and promote the welfare of participants
2. avoid doing harm to participants (unless justified)
3. not carry out any studies unless the probable benefit is proportionately greater than the risk
4. provide informed consent
5. ensure privacy and confidentiality