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GE 1 - Understanding the self > Chapter 1 - topic 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - topic 3 Flashcards

1
Q

The self has many

A

aspects

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2
Q

the aspects of the self are (Self PAKE)

A

Self-awareness, self-esteem, self-knowledge, and self-perception

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3
Q

With the aspect, the person is able to _____ , ____, ____ himself or herself for the purpose of gaining social acceptance

A

alter, change, add, and/or modify himself or herself

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4
Q

The self is an important study in

A

psychology

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5
Q

It holds that either the self is ____ or the ____ representation of the individual

A

cognitive or the affective

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6
Q

Cognitive is relating to or involving _______ activity

A

conscious intellectual activity

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7
Q

____ is relating to or arising from feelings influenced by emotions.

A

Affective

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8
Q

The persistent question, ____ is rooted in the human need to understand the basis of the experiences of the “self”

A

“who am I?”

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9
Q

When people are asked to explain their understanding of the world, the usual answer are:

A

“It is who I am”
“It’s me, my essence”
“Its what makes me unique and different from everyone else”

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10
Q

Philosophers from____ to ____ times sought to describe the essential qualities that compose a person’s uniqueness

A

ancient to contemporary times

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11
Q

Sociology sees “self” as a product of ______, developed overtime through social activities and experiences.

A

product of social interactions

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12
Q

Anthropology views the “self” as a ____ or ____.

A

cultural shaped construct or idea.

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13
Q

they assert that it is an autonomous participant in the society as much as it is submerged in the community. who are they

A

Anthropologists

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14
Q

Eastern and Western Civilization, talked about the great “myths” of the self. However, it is not a false story, but rather it is used as a means to _____

A

means to interpret a reality.

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15
Q

For the west, the world is an artifact, meaning there is a ______ between the ____ and the ____

A

there is a clear distinction between the creator and the creation.

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16
Q

For the east, the world is a drama and all things______

A

are actors with specific parts to play.

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17
Q

Philosophy is from the greek words

A

philo and sophia

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18
Q

philo means

A

loving

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19
Q

sophia means

A

knowledge or wisdom

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20
Q

in simple terms , philosophy means

A

loving knowledge or loving wisdom

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21
Q

originally, the greek philosophy means

A

the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake

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22
Q

Beginning with socrates, the kinds of questions the ancient scholars asked themselves

A

began to shiftedsc

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23
Q

socrates year

A

496-399 bc

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24
Q

in socrates time, they become more concerned with

A

human than matter

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25
Q

socrates was concerned about APEE

A

aesthetics, political behaviors, ethics, and economics

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26
Q

he was one of first social scientists

A

socrates

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27
Q

He spoke with psyche which translated literally, means ___ or ___

A

spirit or soul.

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28
Q

some of socrates’ ideas:

A

the soul is immortal
the care of the soul is the task of philosophy
virtue is necessary to attain happiness

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29
Q

one of the most quoted phrases of socrates

A

the unexamined life is not worth living

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30
Q

For Socrates, self-knowledge or the examination of oneself, as well as the question about how one ought to live one’s life, are very important concerns because

A

only by knowing yourself can you hope to improve your life

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31
Q

he believed that you as a person should consciously contemplate, turn your gaze inward, and analyze the true nature and values that are guiding your life.

A

socrates

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32
Q

The state of your inner being (soul/self) determines ______ by socrates

A

the quality of your life

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33
Q

socrates said existence is ___ kinds

A

2

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34
Q

what are the 2 kinds of existence

A

the visible and invisible

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35
Q

the ____ existence change

A

visible

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36
Q

the _______ existence remains constant

A

invisible

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37
Q

the ___ is visible, changes

A

body

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38
Q

the kind of invisible to humans such as the

A

mind

39
Q

socrates also believe that the goal of life is to be

A

happy

40
Q

for socrates, the virtuous person, is a

A

happy person

41
Q

virtue is defined as a

A

moral excellence

42
Q

An individual virtuous if his/her is made up of moral qualities (CTPJ)

A

courage, temperance, prudence, and justice

43
Q

Socrates said that the most important thing in life is

A

the state of his/her soul and the acts of taking care of the soul through self-knowledge

44
Q

Where did the ideas exist? “In the world beyond the heavens” said

A

plato

45
Q

it appears that he believed in a soul as immaterial and immortal in a more spiritual sense.

A

Plato

46
Q

this conception of a spiritual soul would be considered an exemption of the beliefs and attitudes that prevailed that time because

A

Greek of the time was very naturalistic

47
Q

for him, the soul is indeed the most divine aspect of the human being

A

Plato

48
Q

However, Plato’s concept of the divine is not spiritual being but rather one that has an

A

intellectual connotation.

49
Q

The ________ is the aspect of the human beings by which the forms or ideas are known

A

self/soul/mind

50
Q

what are the parts of the soul

A

The appetitive - sensual
The rational - reasoning
The spirited - feelings

51
Q

the element that enjoys sensual experiences,

A

The appetitive - sensual

52
Q

the element that forbids the person to enjoy the sensual experiences

A

The rational - reasoning

53
Q

the element that is inclined towards reason and understands the demands of passion

A

the spirited-feelings

54
Q

ST. AUGUSTINE AD

A

354-430 ad

55
Q

Born in North Africa of a pagan father and a christian mother.

A

St. Augustine

56
Q

St. Augustine,
After a youth of revelry, he converted to Christianity at the age of

A

33

57
Q

St, Augustine later become the bishop of

A

of hippo in north africa

58
Q

st augustine believe that a human should not be corruoted by worldly affairs, for true ______________.

A

knowledge was to come from God and not from an examination of the world of nature.

59
Q

believed that the soul held the truth and was capable of scientific thinking

A

st. augustine

60
Q

st. augustine concept of self was an

A

inner, immaterial “I” that had self knowledge and self awareness.

61
Q

believed that human beings were both a soul and body, the body possessed the senses, as imagination, memory, reason, and the mind through which the soul experienced the world.

A

st. augustine

62
Q

The soul ______________________, in the same manner, that Adam was animated. Through understanding it was possible for the soul to know God.

A

was created by God at the same time the body was created

63
Q

Was the most interested in psychological issues

A

rene descartes

64
Q

He knew about the action of the muscles, nerves, and other biological structures.

A

rene descartes

65
Q

Many actions of the human body operated in a purely

A

mechanical way

66
Q

Unlike animals, humans were endowed with ____

A

souls.

67
Q

Although the body and soul are connected in some way, they were still different substances-

A

the soul was un-extended matter, and the body is the extended matter.

68
Q

i think therefore i am is by

A

rene descartes

69
Q

became a fundamental element of Western philosophy as it secured the foundation of knowledge in the face of radical doubt.

A

cogito ergo sum

70
Q

Everything perceived by the senses could not be used as proof of existence because

A

human senses could be fooled.

71
Q

Everything perceived by the senses could not be used as proof of existence because human senses could be fooled.

A

rene descartes

72
Q

There was only one thing we could be sure of in this world, and that everything could be doubted.

A

rene descartes

73
Q

By doubting our own existence, can make us “thinking entities”

A

rene descartes

74
Q

Rene Descartes’ claim about the self are:

A

It is only constant; it is not prone to change; and it is not affected by time.
Only the immaterial soul remains the same throughout the time.
The immaterial soul is the source of our identity

75
Q

at birth the mind could be considered analogous to a blank sheet of paper, tabula rasa.

A

john lockeo

76
Q

john locke year

A

1632-1704

77
Q

for john locke, the mind is passive and

A

could only do 2 things

78
Q

what are the 2 things the mind could do according to john locke

A

1st, it could receive experiences from the outside world: this involved the act of sensing.
2nd, the mind could reflect upon itself

79
Q

“Self” is identified with consciousness and this “self” consists of sameness and consciousness, which consists of memory.
true or flase

A

true

80
Q

“Self” is identified with consciousness and this “self” consists of sameness and consciousness, which consists of memory. this was by

A

john locke

81
Q

A person’s memories provide continuity of experience that allows him/her to be the same person over time. This theory of personal identity allows_____ to justify a defense of accountability

A

john locke

82
Q

According to ____, since the person is the same “self” in the passing of time, he/she can be held ____ for past behaviors.

A

locke; accountable

83
Q

Mind is nothing but a heap or collection of perceptions, unified by certain relations and supposed through falsely to be endowed with a perfect simplicity and identity.

A

david hume

84
Q

according to david hume, All we knew was that we had ____ (sensations) and ___.

A

impressions (sensations) and ideas.

85
Q

according to david hume, We believed only that there was a real object only because our _______ fit together

A

impressions fit together.

86
Q

true or false :
according to davide hume, the mind did exist apart from impressions

A

false; the mind did not

87
Q

according to david hume,We had no way of knowledge that anything exists apart from ____.

A

experiences

88
Q

All Hume found was a flowing stream of _____ and _____

A

impressions and ideas.

89
Q

Hume is identified with the _____ wherein he described the “self” or person (which huma assume to be the “mind”) as a bundle or collection of different perceptions that are moving in a very fast and successive manner. He calls this “perpetual flux”

A

bundle theory

90
Q

Human intellect and experiences are limited, therefore, it is impossible to attribute it to an independent persistent entity (such as soul)
by?

A

david hume

91
Q

Hume concluded that the “self” is

A

merely made up of successive impressions.

92
Q

Did not believe in the existence of the self. He stressed that your perceptions are only active for as long as you are conscious. who is this?

A

david hume

93
Q

according to hume, Perception can be removed _____, you can no longer sense yourself then you also cease to exist.

A

for any time,

94
Q

Hume seemed to reduce the “self” as a

A

light bulb that may be switched on or off.

GE 1 - Understanding the self (7 decks)

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