Chapter 1: The Organisation Of Life

Question 1

Organism

Answer 1

Every living this

Question 2

The characteristics of life

Answer 2

1. Nutrition
2. Respiration
3. Excretion
4. Growth
5. Reproduction
6. Movement
7. Response

Question 3

Nutrition

Answer 3

Nutrition is how organisms get their food.

Question 4

Respiration

Answer 4

Respiration is the release of energy from food.

It should not be confused with breathing

Question 5

Excretion

Answer 5

Excretion is the removal of waste from cells

Question 6

Growth

Answer 6

Living this grow because their cells divide

Question 7

Reproduction

Answer 7

Reproduction is being able to produce new individuals (offspring)

Question 8

Movement

Answer 8

All living things move

Question 9

Response

Answer 9

Response is the ability to react to a change in the environment

Question 10

Whats a sample under a microscope called

Answer 10

Specimen

Question 11

Cells

Answer 11

Tiny units, all plants and animals are made of cells

Question 12

The parts of a light microscope

Answer 12

Base
Stage and stage clips
Light source
Diaphragm
Objective lens
Eyepiece lens
Coarse focus wheels
Fine focus wheel

Question 13

Base

Answer 13

Keeps the microscope stable

Question 14

Stage and stage clips

Answer 14

Holds the slide in place

Question 15

Light source

Answer 15

A built-in light bulb or mirror that illuminates (lights up) the specimen

Question 16

Diaphragm

Answer 16

Controls the amount of light passing through the specimen

Question 17

Objective lens

Answer 17

Magnifies the specimen, usually by a power of 10 (x10)

Question 18

Coarse focus wheel

Answer 18

Brings the image into rough focus, Note: always adjust the coarse focus before adjusting the fine focus wheel

Question 19

Fine focus wheel

Answer 19

Brings the image into sharp focus

Question 20

Cell membrane

Answer 20

Surrounds the cells and controls which materials move into and out of the cell

Question 21

Cytoplasm

Answer 21

A jelly-like substance surrounded by the cell membrane. Contains other organelles, including the nucleus, and dissolved substances such as oxygen

Question 22

Nucleus

Answer 22

The controls centre of the cell. The nucleus contains DNA (genes)

Question 23

An animal cell

Answer 23

Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus

Question 24

A plant cell

Answer 24

Cell wall

Chloroplast

Question 25

Cell wall

Answer 25

Strenghthens the cell. Cell walls make plant cells stronger than animal cells

Question 26

Chloroplast

Answer 26

Contain chlorophyll, which allows the plant cell to absorb sunlight energy for photosynthesis

Question 27

Vacuoles

Answer 27

Are membrane-bound structures that contain

Iiquids. Animal cells contain small vacuoles. Plant cells often contain larger vacuoles full of water

Question 28

Micrograph

Answer 28

An image formed by an electron microscope

Question 29

Organisations of life

Answer 29

1. Organelle
2. Cell
3. Tissue
4. Organ
5. System
6. Organism

Question 30

1. Organelle

Answer 30

Thr structure in cells

Question 31

2. Cells

Answer 31

The building block of life, made up of organelles. Different cells do different jobs. For example, white blood cells fight infection

Question 32

3. Tissue

Answer 32

A group of cells that work together. For example, blood is a tissue made up of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma.

Question 33

4. Organ

Answer 33

A group of tissues that work together. For example, the heart is an organ made up of cardiac muscle tissue, connective tissue in valves and fat tissue

Question 34

5. System

Answer 34

A group of organs that work together. For example, the heart is the organ at the centre of the circulatory system. It pumps blood around the body

Question 35

6. Organism

Answer 35

The result of all systems working together. For example, the circulatory system works with the breathing system to transport oxygen around the body.