Chapter 1 - The New Global World

Question 0

Mayans

Answer 0

A Mesoamerican civilization, noted for its written language, art, math, and astronomy. Lived in Central America.

Question 1

Bering Strait

Answer 1

A strait (a narrow passage of water connecting two bodies of water) between Russia and Alaska.

Question 2

Aztecs

Answer 2

A Native American people who ruled Mexico and neighboring areas before the Spanish conquered the region in the sixteenth century (Hernando Cortés).

Question 3

Hernan de Soto

Answer 3

A Spanish explorer and conquistador who led the first European expedition into the territory of the modern day United States, and the first documented European to have crossed the Mississippi River.

Question 4

European Peasant Society

Answer 4

Peasants who lives in small, compact agricultural villages surrounded by open fields.

Question 5

Roman Catholic Church

Answer 5

The branch of Christianity headed by the pope. A source of absolute authority and a influential container of monarchy.

Question 6

Crusades

Answer 6

A medieval military expedition, one of a series made by Europeans to recover the Holy Land from Muslims in the 11-13th centuries.

Question 7

The Renaissance

Answer 7

The cultural rebirth that occurred in Europe from roughly the 14th through the middle of the 17th centuries, based on the rediscovery of literature of Greece and Rome.

Question 8

Portuguese exploration and trade

Answer 8

They brought coconuts from East Africa, oranges and lemons from the Mediterranean, and most importantly SLAVES. Eventually led to Bartholomew Dias rounding the Cape of Good Hope.

Question 9

Ferdinand and Isabel

Answer 9

The union of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabel I of Castile, brining together Spain. They financed Columbus’ expedition the India, which resulted in the discovery of the Americas.

Question 10

Christopher Columbus

Answer 10

An Italian explorer, navigator, and colonizer. Under the auspices of the Ferdinand and Isabel he completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean.

Question 11

Hernan Cortez

Answer 11

A Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that led to fall of the Aztec empire.

Question 12

Moctezuma

Answer 12

Last Aztec emperor in Mexico, was overthrown by Hernan Cortes.

Question 13

Smallpox

Answer 13

An acute contagious viral disease. Killed thousand Native Americans and assisted the Europeans in conquering them.

Question 14

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 14

A Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan Empire.

Question 15

Encomiendas

Answer 15

A grant by the Spanish crown to a colonist in America conferring the right to demand tribute and forced labor from the Indian inhabitants in the area.

Question 16

Colombian exchange

Answer 16

A vast intercontinental movement of the plants, animals, and disease that changed course of historical development.

Question 17

Martin Luther

Answer 17

A German friar, Catholic priest, and professor of theology and seminal figure of the 16th century movement in Christianity known as the Reformation. Posted his 95 theses in Latin October 31, 1517.

Question 18

King Henry VIII

Answer 18

King of England (1509-1547); established the Anglican Church with the Act of Supremacy in 1534.

Question 19

Puritans

Answer 19

A group of English Protestants who regarded the Reformation movement of the Church of England under Elizabeth as incomplete and sought to simplify and regulate forms of worship.

Question 20

Spanish Armada

Answer 20

A Spanish naval invasion force sent against England by Philip II of Spain in 1588. It was defeated by the English fleet and almost completely by storms off the Hebrides.

Question 21

Mercantilism

Answer 21

The economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances, which a government should encourage by taxing imports; was dependent on silver bullions and colonies.

Question 22

Treaty of Tordesillas

Answer 22

1494; an agreement between Spain and Portugal aimed at settling conflicts over lands newly discovered or explored by Columbus.