Chapter 1: The Microbial World And You

Question 1

What are the 5 major groups of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Answer 1

1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Fungi
4. Viruses
5. Parasites

Question 2

Robert Hooke

Answer 2

Saw large cells and reported that things are composed of little boxes or ‘cells.’

Question 3

Cell theory

Answer 3

All living things are composed of cells and come from preexisting cells.

Question 4

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 4

First to view a living organism using a simple microscope.

Question 5

Spontaneous generation

Answer 5

Forms of life can spontaneously arise from nonliving things.

Question 6

Biogenesis

Answer 6

Living things in cells arise from pre-existing living cells.

Question 7

Francesco Redi

Answer 7

Created an experiment trying to prove spontaneous generation. Believe that air cause maggots. Three jars covered with a fine net and three open jars.

Question 8

John Needham

Answer 8

Heated chicken and corn broths, but his experiment was contaminated.

Question 9

Louis Pasteur

Answer 9

Demonstrated that microorganisms are present in the air. Discovered the relationship between microbes and disease, immunity, and antimicrobial drugs.

Question 10

Joseph Lister

Answer 10

Microorganisms that caused surgical wound infections and treating wounds with phenol produced infections and death.

Question 11

Fermentation

Answer 11

The conversions of sugar to alcohol

Question 12

Robert Koch

Answer 12

Discovered that bacteria causes diseases. Came up with the process called Koch’s Postulates.

Question 13

Edward Jenner

Answer 13

Discovered immunity because of a girl with cowpox

Question 14

Antibiotics

Answer 14

Naturally producing a substance by bacteria and fungi used to kill microorganisms.