Chapter 1 The Evidence Imperative Flashcards
What was the focus of the Pew Research Center’s 2012 report?
Imagining a data-fueled future in 2020
What were the two perspectives regarding the effects of big data and analytics?
Positive opportunities and negative tools of power
What percentage of the global population was using the internet by early 2021?
64.2%
How much data do humans create each day?
2.5 quintillion bytes
What was the total amount of data at the beginning of 2020?
44 zettabytes
What is the estimated number of Internet of Things devices by 2025?
75 billion
What has accelerated the trends in big data and analytics?
Advances in cloud-based storage, AI, automation, and machine learning
What is the expected market revenue for big data by 2022?
$274.3 billion
What is one benefit of big data and analytics in daily life?
Improvement in public transportation and local travel
What term did Cathy O’Neil use to describe harmful mathematical models?
Weapons of math destruction (WMDs)
What project tracks data misuse and its consequences?
The Data Harm Record
Fill in the blank: Big data and the analytics revolution can magnify the _______ and _______ in humanity.
[best], [worst]
True or False: The analytics revolution has only been used in positive ways.
False
What has been a growing concern in higher education prior to the COVID-19 pandemic?
Enrollment decline
By how many students did annual undergraduate enrollments fall from 2014–15 to 2018–19?
1.25 million students
What demographic change has occurred in the undergraduate population over time?
Increase in Latinx enrollment and diversity
What has happened to per-student funding for higher education in forty-three states since 2008?
It remains below pre-recession levels
What was the share of institutional revenues from student tuition in 2021?
46.9%
What percentage of college students graduated in six years as of the latest statistics?
58.3%
What is the projected trend for the affordability problem in higher education?
It is likely to worsen
What has intensified the challenges faced by higher education institutions?
COVID-19, political polarization, and economic inequity
What has the federal government collected data on since 1869–70?
Enrollment, degrees conferred, and faculty
What network focuses on using data to promote student success and equity?
Access to Success Network
What did Georgia State University and Florida State University achieve by using data?
Increased graduation rates by over 20 percentage points
What is a key to the success stories in higher education related to data use?
Institutional commitment to data culture and infrastructure
What have campuses improved in terms of student success?
Completion rates for credentials and degrees, equity gaps, and barriers to access
Campuses recalibrated admissions standards to open doors and change lives.
What is a key factor in the success stories of campuses?
An institutional commitment to creating a culture and infrastructure that delivers timely, accurate, relevant, and integrated data.
What do many campus leaders aspire to achieve with analytics?
Fundamentally transform their institutions.
What challenges do campus administrators face when shifting to evidence-based policy?
High entry costs from monetary and cultural perspectives.
True or False: Many campus leaders have successfully transitioned to evidence-based decision-making.
False.
What do senior campus leaders need to do to build a lasting culture of evidence?
Connect data across diverse and siloed functions of their institutions.
What did the American College President Study reveal about college presidents’ perceptions?
They see assessment of various educational aspects as important, but lag in using institutional research for decision-making.
What are some negative consequences of disconnected data use?
Data remains siloed, used for punitive purposes, and viewed negatively.
What is essential for senior leaders to emphasize in their institutions?
Data as an essential resource for addressing institutional challenges.
What is the analytics spectrum?
Ranges from descriptive to prescriptive analytics.
What factors are contributing to the crisis in higher education?
Heightened performance expectations, demands for accountability, growing social inequity, shifting demographics, concerns about cost and affordability.
Fill in the blank: A well-articulated aspiration creates an initial sense of _______.
[optimism and empowerment].
What is a significant challenge for US higher education regarding equity?
Persistent gaps in access and outcomes.
How are institutions addressing the need for equity?
By adopting analytics tools to enhance student experience.
What is crucial for optimizing financial resources in higher education?
Understanding the cost and performance of programs in relation to strategic direction.
What does strategic finance emphasize?
Optimizing organizational resources rather than across-the-board cuts.
What are key considerations in academic renewal and quality?
Post-graduation outcomes, assessment, continuous improvement.
What should institutions use data and analytics for?
To understand the expectations of students and the needs of employers.
What are the potential benefits of using big data and analytics?
Large and well-known benefits exist.
What risks are associated with adopting analytics?
Mismanagement, misuse, and costs spiraling out of control.
What should college executives define for effective use of data?
A strategic approach.
What can a well-thought-out data governance policy help prevent?
Frustration, communication breakdowns, and turf wars.
What is necessary for leading a campus toward evidence-based decision-making?
Art of leadership, political savvy, and nurturing a data-embracing culture.
What is required to create a culture of evidence?
Data-informed decision-making, logic, artful persuasion, and financial incentives.
