Chapter #1/ Slides #1

Question 1

Name all Natural disasters (Hint: 14)

Answer 1

Earthquakes
 Tsunamis
 Rockfalls
 Landslides
 Volcanic eruptions
 Thunderstorms
 Tornadoes
 Hurricanes
 Floods
 Droughts
 Heat waves
 Wildfires
 Solar storms
 Meteorite impacts

Question 2

What are floods and what are their dangers?

Answer 2

Floods occur when water overtops banks of rivers and streams.

Dangers: Causes infrastructure damage and agricultural damage, as well as makes it hard to get to food, water, and shelter and medicine

Question 3

What are Droughts

Answer 3

Droughts are extended periods of time with little or no rain.

Question 4

What are Heatwaves

Answer 4

heatwaves are extended periods of time with excessive temperatures.

Question 5

What are Wildfires, and what most likely causes them?

Answer 5

Wildfires are fires within the wilderness, i.e. forests.

They are most likely caused by droughts and heatwaves

Question 6

What are Man made disasters?

Answer 6

Disasters that where caused by people. Ex Oil spills

Question 7

What are Technological disasters?

Answer 7

Technological disasters are related to disasters created by technology. Ex cyber attacks, or chemical warfare.

Question 8

Define Natural Hazards

Answer 8

Exist independently of people.

Have potential to harm people or property.

Constitute a threat to society and contrasts with anthropogenic hazards.

Question 9

Define Anthropogenic Hazards

Answer 9

Hazards created by human activity

Question 10

Define Natural Hazardous Event

Answer 10

A disturbance that injures or kills plants and animals.

Question 11

Define Natural Disasters

Answer 11

Occur from a natural hazardous event

Cause human casualties, property destruction, and economic loss.

Victims require outside resources to survive and recover.

Question 12

When does a natural hazardous event become a natural disaster?

a) when Earth or atmospheric events have the potential to harm
people

b) when people die and property is destroyed from a natural event

c) when an Earth or atmosphere event injures or kills plants and
animals

d) when human activities cause death, or destruction of property

Answer 12

b) when people die and property is destroyed from a natural event

Question 13

Name all the realms

Answer 13

Geophysical/Geological
Hydrological
Maritime and Costal
Meteorological
Climatological
Extraterrestrial
Biological
Wildfire

Question 14

Name Geophysical/Geological Hazards and Disasters

Answer 14

Earthquakes; landslides; volcanic eruptions; ground subsidence

Question 15

Name Hydrological Hazards and Disasters

Answer 15

Floods; water depletion; river erosion

Question 16

Name Maritime and Coastal Hazards and Disasters

Answer 16

Storm waves; tsunamis, coastal erosion, currents; storm surge

Question 17

Name Meteorological Hazards and Disasters

Answer 17

Thunderstorms; tornadoes; hail; ice storms; hurricanes; mid-latitude cyclones;
drought; blizzards

Question 18

Name Climatological Hazards and Disasters

Answer 18

Cold waves; heat waves; drought, climate change

Question 19

Name Extraterrestrial Hazards and Disasters

Answer 19

Meteorite impacts; solar storms

Question 20

Name Biological Hazards and Disasters

Answer 20

Epidemics; insect infestations

Question 21

Name Wildfire Hazards and Disasters

Answer 21

Brushfires; forest fires

Question 22

Define Rapid-Onset Disasters

Answer 22

Disasters that begin quickly, before people have time to prepare
EX. Earthquake

Question 23

Define Slow-Onset Disasters

Answer 23

Takes days or weeks to develop, giving people time to prepare. Most have long derations
Ex. Flood

Question 24

Define Very Slow-Onset Disasters

Answer 24

Stealth disasters:
Creeping disasters
Can take months or years or even decades to develop.
Ex: Sea levels rising, droughts, ground water depletion

Chronic Health disasters:
Earth materials that are harmful to human health. Mainly long exposure.
Ex: Silicosis and black lung disease

Question 25

Define Pandemic

Answer 25

Pandemics are caused by microscopic infectious agents. They are on a global scale

Question 26

Identify one way pandemics impact human society differently
compared to physical natural disasters.

a) Pandemics cause global economic slowdowns.

b) Pandemics cause infrastructure damage.

c) Pandemics are concentrated in small areas.

d) Pandemics have killed fewer people than physical natural disasters.

Answer 26

a) Pandemics cause global economic slowdowns.

Question 27

Define Primary Disaster

Answer 27

Casualties and destruction from a natural hazard even itself
Ex: Wind and wave damage from a hurricane

Question 28

Define Secondary Disaster

Answer 28

Hazardous events triggered by the primary disaster
Ex: Collapsed dikes and flooding post-hurricane

Question 29

Define Tertiary Disaster

Answer 29

Long-term societal disruptions due to primary and secondary disasters.

Ex: Housing loss from decay and mold
Ex: Socioeconomic crisis due to job loss

Question 30

What are these scales

Earthquake size classification, Hurricane size classification, and Tornado size classification

Answer 30

Moment magnitude scale

Saffir-Simpson Scale

Enhanced Fujita Scale

Question 31

What is RI?

Answer 31

Recurrence interval is the average time estimated between successive events. (Requires a historical record)

Question 32

What is AP?

Answer 32

Annual Probability is the likelihood of an event to happen within a given year. (Requires RI)

Question 33

The Magnitude of an event is ____ to the frequency

Answer 33

inversely proportional

EX: the bigger the earth quake the less often it happens

Question 34

What does news coverage of natural disasters often tend to emphasize
more than anything else?

a) Total people affected

b) Economic impact

c) Causalities from sudden-onset disasters

d) Long-term ecological impacts

Answer 34

c) Causalities from sudden-onset disasters

Question 35

Exposure, refers to what?

Answer 35

Exposure refers to; Casualties, economic loss, and social disruptions

Question 36

Vulnerability, refers to what?

Answer 36

The degree that structures can resist damage.

Community preparation

Resources available to rebuild infrastructure.

Question 37

How does Exposure and Vulnerability differ from Poor and Rich communites?

Answer 37

Wealthy:
Has the resources in order to be prepared, rebuild, and resource to evacuate

Poor:
Does not have the resource to prepare, rebuild, or evacuate effectively.

Question 38

What is the formula for Risk?

Answer 38

Risk = Hazard x Exposure x Vulnerability

Question 39

Define Risk

Answer 39

Risk is the probability of loss due to a natural disaster

Question 40

List Preparation, Mitigation, Response and Recovery, Disaster
in order for their duration (high to low)

Answer 40

Restoration, Recovery, Response, Mitigation, Preparation, Disaster

Question 41

Who responds to disasters?

Answer 41

Local arthurites normally unless the government makes a state of emergency and needs larger gov resources.

Question 42

What can a community do with the information on a hazard potential
map?

a) acquire real-time seismic data to predict an earthquake

b) identify hazard precursors, and then issue a hazardous event
warning

c) issue a short-term forecast for a hazardous event 60 days out

d) design building codes to mitigate the impact of a hazardous event

Answer 42

d) design building codes to mitigate the impact of a hazardous event

Question 43

Examine the figure below, and then select the correct statement
regarding the figure.

a) Worldwide disaster costs are generally increasing.

b) Worldwide disaster costs exceeded $300 billion during some years.

c) Insurance covers less than half the costs of worldwide disasters.

d) The figure illustrates all of the above analyses

Answer 43

d) The figure illustrates all of the above analyses