Chapter 1: Review Guide Questions Flashcards
T/F: In simple terms, PK refers to how drugs move through the body, whereas PD refers to how the body responds to drugs.
True
[…] refer(s) to specific molecular changes that occur when a drug binds to a particular target site or receptor, while […] are the resulting widespread alterations in function.
Drug action; drug effects
After drug administration has occurred, the amount of drug in the blood that is free to bind at specific target sites is referred to as […].
bioavailability
What are the factors that affect PK of a drug?
- route of administration
- absorption and disruption
- binding
- inactivation
- excretion
Toxic substances in the blood trigger a vomiting response by activating which part of the brain?
area postrema in the brainstem
Drugs administered […] have the most rapid onset of action.
intravenously (IV)
Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is an example of a drug that is eliminated…
by zero-order kinetics
Biotransformation of drugs can result in the formation of […], which enter the circulation and can cause […].
active metabolites; prolonged drug actions
Taking into account the general principle of PD in order for a drug to have an effect, the drug must first bind to a […]
receptor
Most drugs and neurotransmitters act upon […]
membrane-bound receptors
While most […] receptors are membrane-bound on the cell surface, many […] receptors are intracellular.
neurotransmitter; hormone
Ligands that have no effect on a receptor after binding are called […].
antagonists
In the dose-response curve, a decrease in potency is indicated by a shift […].
to the right
After chronic use, the need to administer more of a drug to achieve the same drug effect is known as…
tolerance
Which of the following is not a goal of pharmacogenetics?
assessing addiction potential
