Chapter 1: Research Terms

Question 1

Pure Research

Answer 1

Conducted without concern for immediate application

Question 2

Alzheimers, epilepsy, and Parkinson’s disease research was aided by

Answer 2

Pure Research

Question 3

Applied Research

Answer 3

Conducted for a specific problem.

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSE: All psychologists conduct research.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Why do psychologists practice?

Answer 5

To help people change behavior to meet own goals more effectively.

Question 6

TRUE OR FALSE: Some psychologists research, practice, and teach.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Theories

Answer 7

Sets of hypothesized statements about the relationships among events.

Question 8

What do we derive from theories?

Answer 8

Explanations and predictions.

Question 9

What’s referred to as “an organized way of using experience and testing ideas to expand/refine knowledge?”

Answer 9

The Scientific Method

Question 10

What is the first step of the method?

Answer 10

:Formulating: a research question.

Question 11

The origin of research questions is v_________

Answer 11

Variable

Question 12

A hypothesis is a s__________

Answer 12

statement

Question 13

A hypothesis is something that you can t___

Answer 13

test

Question 14

What is the second step of the method?

Answer 14

Examining the RQ or testing the hypothesis.

Question 15

Psychologists draw conclusions about accuracy on basis of:

Answer 15

Observations

Question 16

While drawing conclusions, psychologists should

Answer 16

think critically.

Question 17

Correlations are a____________ or r_________ among variables. Height/weight, study habits/grades.

Answer 17

Associations, relationships.

Question 18

TRUE AND FALSE: Correlations mean cause and effect.

Answer 18

FALSE

Question 19

If aggressive children watch more violent TV, does that mean violent TV causes aggression?

Answer 19

FALSE

Question 20

Selection Factors are a source of b___ that occur when participants can c______ a t__________

Answer 20

bias, choose, treatment

Question 21

Samples must be drawn to

Answer 21

Accurately resemble the population it’s a part of.

Question 22

Populations are c_________ groups

Answer 22

Complete.

Question 23

Only r_________ groups allow us to generalize research

Answer 23

Representative

Question 24

In random samples, each member of a population has an ______ chance of being chosen to participate.

Answer 24

Equal

Question 25

In stratified samples, identified subgroups are represented ______________

Answer 25

Proportionately

Question 26

TRUE OR FALSE: The differences embodied by those who participate in volunteer studies can lead to bias.

Answer 26

TRUE

Question 27

Case Studies are often ________, revolving around small groups and individuals.

Answer 27

Clinical

Question 28

Why are case studies subject to inaccuracies on the part of the subject?

Answer 28

Faulty memories and desire to appear normal.

Question 29

Why are case studies subject to inaccuracies on the part of the interviewer?

Answer 29

Their expectations may push subject to fill in gaps wrong.

Question 30

What school of thought is prone to this?

Answer 30

Psychoanalysts

Question 31

Surveys have a large group of people ________ __________ about attitudes or behaviors.

Answer 31

Answer questions

Question 32

Self-________ leads to inaccurate survey results.

Answer 32

Flattery

Question 33

Naturalistic observation involves observing _________ in their _________ e____________

Answer 33

organisms, usual environment.

Question 34

The correlational method determines whether one variable ________ or ________ as another ________ or _______

Answer 34

Increases, decreases (both).

Question 35

TRUE OR FALSE: Correlation coefficients can go past positive & negative one.

Answer 35

FALSE

Question 36

What is the symbol r used for in correlational methods?

Answer 36

The correlational coefficient.

Question 37

Positive correlations:

Answer 37

Go up together.

Question 38

Negative correlations:

Answer 38

Go opposite ways.

Question 39

Experiments are a form of __________ _______ that seek to confirm c_______ ___ ________ relationships.

Answer 39

Scientific method, cause and effect.

Question 40

Experiments introduce ____________ variables and observe their effects on ___________ variables.

Answer 40

Independent, dependent.

Question 41

In an experiment, the ___________ variable is the one that’s manipulated.

Answer 41

Independent.

Question 42

Dependent variables are a _________ of effect.

Answer 42

Measure.

Question 43

In experiments, the ____________ group receives the treatment.

Answer 43

Experimental

Question 44

In experiments, the _____________ group doesn’t receive the treatment.

Answer 44

Control

Question 45

TRUE OR FALSE: Other conditions can differ in the control group.

Answer 45

FALSE

Question 46

Critical thinking is a way of ____________ c_______ and ____________ of other people: involves s_________ and examination of e__________.

Answer 46

Examining claims and comments, skepticism and evidence.