Chapter 1-Psychological Science

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

Scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Question 2

Correlation Research

Answer 2

Studies that investigate relationship between two or more measured variables.
*Strength and direction
Ex height/weight, age/health

/ positive 0&1.0
\ negative 0&-1.0
- zero

Question 3

Dependent Variable

Answer 3

Measures to determine the effect of the independent variable; results: amount of sweat

Question 4

Independent Variable

Answer 4

Manipulated by investigator; x vs y ; what is changing to cause different results: Dancing vs no dancing

Question 5

Population

Answer 5

Complete set of individuals, objects or scores that investigator is interested in studying.

Question 6

Sample

Answer 6

Smaller group pulled from the population that will be used in the experiment

Question 7

Functionalism

Answer 7

How people work, play and adapt to their surroundings. Influenced by Charles Darwin/natural selection

Question 8

Objective Introspection

Answer 8

learning to think objectively about ones own own thoughts

Question 9

Consciousness

Answer 9

State of being aware of external events

Question 10

Perceiving

Answer 10

Becoming aware of something through senses

Question 11

Sensing

Answer 11

seeing, hearing, feeling, tasting or smelling something

Question 12

Mental Processes

Answer 12

internal hidden activity of our minds

Question 13

Control

Answer 13

Lab rats drinking energy drinks to problem solve

Question 14

Prediction

Answer 14

Suggests change must occur in science field

Question 15

Replicate

Answer 15

Performing exact experiment and getting same results

Question 16

Observer Effect

Answer 16

Won’t act the same with out people watching

Question 17

Participant Observation

Answer 17

Using one way mirrors

Question 18

Observer Bias

Answer 18

Person doing observations has particular opinion about what he or she expects

Question 19

Blind Observers

Answer 19

Don’t know what to expect when going into experiment

Question 20

Psychodynamic thinking

Answer 20

Role of unconscious mind and its influence on conscious behavior; early childhood experiences, self motivation

Question 21

Behavioral thinking

Answer 21

How behavioral responses learned through classical or operant conditioning

Question 22

Humanistic thinking

Answer 22

Human potential, free will, possibility of self actualization

Question 23

Cognitive thinking

Answer 23

Memory, intelligence, perception, thought processes, problem solving, language and learning

Question 24

Sociocultural thinking

Answer 24

Behavior of people as result of presence of other individuals

Question 25

Bio Psychological thinking

Answer 25

Hormones, brain structure, chemicals, disease

Question 26

Evolutionary thinking

Answer 26

Biological bases for universal mental characteristics like why we lie, attractiveness, fear, joy

Question 27

How have we acquired knowledge?

Answer 27

1. Authority
2. Intuition (insight that springs into consciousness )
3. Scientific Method ** used

Question 28

Levels of Analysis

Answer 28

Group>Person>Brain

Question 29

How have we acquired knowledge?

Answer 29

1. Authority
2. Intuition (insight that springs into consciousness )
3. Scientific Method ** used

Question 30

Levels of Analysis

Answer 30

Group>Person>Brain

Question 31

Random Assignment

Answer 31

Participants are placed by chance into experimental or control group