Chapter 1: Orientation to the Human Body Flashcards

1
Q

Integumentary System

A

Consists of skin, hair, and nails. Its key functions are: protection, temperature regulation, water retention, and sensation.

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2
Q

Skeletal System

A

Consists of bones, cartilage, and ligaments. Its key functions are: protection of body organs, support, movement, and blood formation.

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3
Q

Muscular System

A

Consists primarily of skeletal muscles. Its key functions are: movement, posture, and heat production.

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4
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Consists of lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, lymph, thymus, spleen, and tonsils. Its key functions are: role in fluid balance, production of immune cells, defense against disease.

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5
Q

Respiratory System

A

Consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Its key functions are: absorption of oxygen, discharge of carbon monoxide, acid-base balance, and speech.

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6
Q

Urinary System

A

Consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. Its key functions are: excretion of wastes, regulation of blood volume and pressure, control of fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance.

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7
Q

Nervous System

A

Consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs. Its key functions are: control, regulation, and coordination of other systems, sensation, and memory.

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8
Q

Endocrine System

A

Consists of the pituitary gland, adrenals, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroids, and other organs. Its key functions are: hormone production, control and regulation of other systems.

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9
Q

Circulatory System

A

Consists of the heart, arteries, and capillaries. Its key functions are: distribution of oxygen, nutrients, wastes, hormones, electrolytes, immune cells, and antibodies.

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10
Q

Digestive System

A

Consists of stomach, small and large intestines, esophagus, liver, mouth, and pancreas. Its key functions are: breakdown and absorption of nutrients, elimination of wastes

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11
Q

Male Reproductive System

A

Consists of the testes, vas deferens, prostate, seminal vesicles, and penis. Its key functions are: production and delivery of sperm, secretion of sex hormones.

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12
Q

Female Reproductive System

A

Consists of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and breasts. Its key functions are: production of eggs, site of fertilization and fetal development, birth, lactation, secretion of sex hormones.

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13
Q

Medial

A

toward the body’s midline

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14
Q

Lateral

A

away from the body’s midline

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15
Q

Proximal

A

closest to the point of origin

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16
Q

Distal

A

farthest from the point of origin

17
Q

Superior

A

Above

18
Q

Anterior

A

Toward the front of the body

19
Q

Deep

A

away from the body’s surface

20
Q

Inferior

A

below

21
Q

Superficial

A

at or near the body’s surface

22
Q

What plane divides the body into left and right portions?

A

Sagittal plane

23
Q

What plane divides the body horizontally into superior and inferior parts?

A

Transverse plane

24
Q

What plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts?

A

Frontal plane

25
Q

What are the two main body cavities called?

A

Ventral and Dorsal

26
Q

What two cavities are in the ventral cavity?

A

The ventral cavity house the thoracic ad abdominopelvic cavities