Chapter 1 Introduction to Psychology

Question 1

William James

Answer 1

William James was an American philosopher, historian, and psychologist, and the first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States. James is considered to be a leading thinker of the late 19th century, one of the most influential philosophers of the United States, and the “Father of American psychology

Question 2

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 2

Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (/vʊnt/; German: [vʊnt]; 16 August 1832 – 31 August 1920) was a German physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the fathers of modern psychology. Wundt, who distinguished psychology as a science from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist

Question 3

Carl Rogers

Answer 3

Carl Ransom Rogers was an American psychologist and among the founders of the humanistic approach in psychology.

Question 4

Abraham Maslow

Answer 4

Abraham Harold Maslow was an American psychologist who was best known for creating Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization

Question 5

Cognitive psychology

Answer 5

Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology dedicated to studying how people think. The cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on how the interactions of thinking, emotion, creativity, and problem-solving abilities affect how and why you think the way you do

Question 6

Noam Chomsky

Answer 6

Avram Noam Chomsky is an American linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, historical essayist, social critic, and political activist. Sometimes called “the father of modern linguistics”, Chomsky is also a major figure in analytic philosophy and one of the founders of the field of cognitive science

Question 7

Structuralism

Answer 7

Structuralism is a theory of consciousness that seeks to analyze the elements of mental experiences, such as sensations, mental images, and feelings, and how these elements combine to form more complex experiences.

Question 8

psychoanalytic theory

Answer 8

Developed my sigmund Freud, psychoanalytic theory divides the psyche into three functions: the id—unconscious source of primitive sexual, dependency, and aggressive impulses; the superego—subconsciously interjects societal mores, setting standards to live by; and the ego—represents a sense of self and mediates between realities of the moment and psychic needs and conflicts

Question 9

Gestalt psychology

Answer 9

The whole is worth more than the sum of its parts