Chapter 1: Introduction to Physiology Flashcards
Cells
the smallest living units capable of carrying out their own basic life functions
Erythrocytes
carry oxygen to the cells of the body, while the synthesis of these cells is regulated by the hormone erythropoietin
which cells are not one of the major cell types found in the human body
endocrine cells
which tissue is not a primary type of tissue
skeletal
muscle tissue
this tissue type generates mechanical force and movement, and whose activity is controlled both on a voluntary and involuntary level.
specialised for contraction and generation of force.
what type of tissue functions in the transport of specific molecules from one body compartment to another
epithelial tissue
what tissue type lines internal hollow organs and external surfaces of the body, providing a barrier between the internal and external environment?
epithelial tissue
glands are derived from what type of tissue
epithelial
what type of tissue lines exocrine glands
epithelial
endocrine glands are derived from what type of tissue
epithelial
what type of gland secretes products into ducts leading to the external environment
exocrine glands
which tissue type includes cells contained in an extracellular matrix composed of collagen and elastin
connective tissue
what is the general name for the non-cellular material that holds the widely scattered cells of connective tissue together?
extracellular matrix
collagen
a protein found In the body that provides the tensile strength to resist stretching
connective tissue
a tissue type that includes cells found within blood and bones
what are the structures that attach bone to muscle called
tendons
organs of the body are defined as
a combination of two or more tissues that makes a structure which performs specific functions
the order of complexity for the components of the body, from least to most complex
cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
gastrointestinal system
organ system primarily involved in the process of digestion
what two organ systems do the kidneys belong to
endocrine and urinary systems
absorption
the uptake of nutrients across the epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract and into the bloodstream
endocrine system
organ system that includes the pituitary gland, adrenal gland and thyroid gland
immune system
organ system that protects the body against pathogens and abnormal cells
what organ system functions in communication between cells of the body
both nervous and endocrine