CHAPTER 1 - Introduction Flashcards
What is behaviour, generally and technically? Describe three sport examples.
Behaviour generally means anything that a person says or does, but technically, it is any muscular, glandular, or electrical activity of an organism. A few examples would be shooting a basketball, yelling at an opponent, and doing a freestyle stroke in swimming.
What are 3 synonyms for behaviour?
The three synonyms for behaviour are “performance”, “response”, and “reaction”.
How do many people use general terms such as intelligence, attitude and personality? Illustrate an example.
• Many people use general terms as reasons why behaviour occurs. An example would be “My classmate was late because she’s not motivated to go to class.”
What is a behavioural perspective of such traditional psychological terms as intelligence, attitude and personality? Illustrate a behavioural interpretation of one of the terms with reference to an example.
o A behavioural perspective views these general terms (intelligence, attitudes, motivation and personality) as a summary label rather than a detailed explanation for behaviour. For example: A karate instructor sees one of their students is motivated compared to the other students, because they learn faster than other students. The student may receive praise at home for practicing after class, as well as praise from the instructor which reinforces his motivation to continue learning and practicing outside the dojo.
What is behavioural sports psychology?
Behavioural sports psychology involves the use of behaviour analysis principles and techniques to enhance the performance and satisfaction of athletes and others associated with the sport.
What are the 3 synonyms for stimulus when a stimulus precedes and influences behaviour?
The three synonyms for stimulus when a stimulus precedes and influences behaviour are cue, signal or prompt.
According to many psychologists, what does the word “cognition” mean?
• According to psychologists, cognition means belief, thought, expectancy, and attitude. It would mean that faulty thinking is the cause of emotional and behavioural problems.
What assumptions does the author make concerning cognitions?
• The author of the book assumes that there are practical and theoretical advantages to looking at cognitive procedures from a consistent behavioural viewpoint. It would mean that while there validated techniques from cognitive-behavioural psychologists given in the book, there are behavioural interpretations. Cognitions are assumed to be covert behaviours, and it assumed that the behavioural principles and techniques that apply to overt behaviours are also applicable to covert behaviours.
List 3 reasons that behavioural sport psychology researchers commonly use single-subject research designs.
- They require assessment of individual athletic performance across several practices and/or competitions, which is very useful information for athletes and coaches.
- Athletes and coaches commonly accept such research designs because few participants are needed, and sooner or later all participants experience the intervention (Ex: no control groups).
- Rather than using personality questionnaires, they require assessments of athletic behaviours (Ex: shooting techniques for a basketball player), or outcomes of such behaviours.
What 3 questions does social validity address?
- What do the athletes (and perhaps the coach and parents) think about the goals of the intervention?
- What do they think about the procedures suggested by the consultant?
- What do they think about the results produced by those procedures?
