Chapter 1- Intro to Genetics Flashcards
What is Genetics?
Study of heredity, passing information from parents to offspring
Sub-domains of Genetics
Health information and decision making
Mechanisms of disease and treatment
Genetic screening and tests for presymptomatic tests
Disciplines in Human Genetics
Medical Genetics
Pharmacogenetics
Behavioral genetics
Cytogenetics
Forensic Genetics + History
Genetic Counseling
Population Genetics
Medical Genetics
Study of causes of disease and application of genetics to medical care and medical customization
Pharmacogenetics
Study of gene/drug interactions and individualization of medications based on genetic variations
Cytogenetics
Study of chromosomes
Forensic Genetics
Identification of victims, matching DNA to crime samples
Ancestry and adoption identification
Ethical Considerations in Genetics
Social Stratification and Discrimination
Genetic engineering and eugenics
Misuse of genetic and medical information
Genetic Determinism
Gene
Functional Unit of Heredity
Locus
Location of gene/marker on a chromosome
Allele
One variant form at a locus
What percent of DNA encodes proteins?
2%
~20,000 protein-encoding genes
Types of Genetic Diseases
Single-gene disorders
Chromosome disorders
Multi-factorial disorders
Mitochondrial disorders
Model organisms to study genetics and disease
E. Coli
S. Cerevisiae- Yeast
Drosophila melanogaster
C. elegans- Worms
Zebrafish
Mice and rats
Transgenic Approach
Add and overexpress human genes in other organisms
