chapter 1: intro to anat & phys/homeostasis

Question 1

define anatomy

Answer 1

the structure of animal’s body

Question 2

define physiology

Answer 2

the structure to function relationship

Question 3

what is the organization of an animal’s body?

Answer 3

1. cells: obtain CO2 and produce energy
2. tissue
3. organs
4. systems (collection of organs)

Question 4

list the different types of tissue

Answer 4

1. epithelial tissue (skin/lining of digestive tract)
2. connective tissue (tendons)
3. muscle tissue (skeletal, cardiac, smooth)
4. nervous tissue (neurons)

Question 5

how is body water compartmentalized?

Answer 5

intracellular fluid (inside cell) and extracellular fluid (outside cell in blood plasma)

Question 6

what happens if a cell is hypotonic?

Answer 6

cell expands (more water inside cell than outside cell)

Question 7

what happens if a cell is hypertonic?

Answer 7

cell shrivels (more water outside cell than inside)

Question 8

define osmolarity

Answer 8

measure of solute concentration in solution (hypotonic, isotonic, hypertonic)

Question 9

define homeostasis

Answer 9

stable internal environment/state for optimal health

Question 10

how is homeostasis maintained?

Answer 10

through feedback loops

Question 11

how does the body respond to a negative feedback loop?

Answer 11

signals the body to “turn off” a response (ex. thermoregulation)

Question 12

how does the body respond to a positive feedback loop?

Answer 12

signals the body to reinforce a change/continue a response