Chapter 1: Geography Matters Flashcards
absolute space
mathematical understanding of space through points, lines, areas, planes and configurations using mathematical reasoning
accessibility
the opportunity for contact or interaction from a given point or location in relation to other locations, linked with proximity to something. Accessibility is often a function of economic, cultural, and social factors.
cognitive distance
the distance that people perceive as existing in a given situation. Cognitive distance is based on people’s personal judgments about the degree of spatial separation between points.
cognitive image
psychological representations of locations that spring from people’s individual ideas and impressions of these locations. It could be based on direct experience, on written or visual representations, imagination, or on a combination of these sources.
cognitive space
defined and measured in terms of people’s values, feelings, beliefs, and perceptions about locations, districts, and regions
cultural space
the space of people with common ties, described through the places, territories, and settings whose attributes carry special for particular groups of people.
May live in different countries but have the same culture. Cultures, traditions, language, education, religion that you carry with yourself daily.
distance-decay function
the effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions. The distance decay effect states that the interaction between two locales declines as the distance between them increases.
economies of scale
the phenomenon where the average costs per unit of output decrease with the increase in the scale or magnitude of the output being produced by a firm
friction of distance
means that all else being equal, short-distance movements will be preferred over long-distance movements, so the volume of interaction between two locations will be inversely proportional to the distance between them
functional region
National parks, it has large tourism, the country wants people to see this place, although at the same time maintain their national birds and provide them with a good life, for example. Wood cultivation, forest plantation, economic, social area.
geodemographic research
Research done using census data and commercial data of populations
geographic information systems (GIS)
A geographic information system is a type of database containing geographic data, combined with software tools for managing, analyzing, and visualizing those data.
human geography
studies the location of the people and the human activities across Earth’s surface and their relationships to one another.
identity
the subjective thoughts and feelings you make of yourself based on everyday experiences and social relations. This is a person’s self-perception.
intersubjectivity
shared meanings among people, derived from their lived experience of everyday practice. People become familiar with one another’s vocabulary, speech patterns, dress codes, gestures, and humor as a result of routine encounters and shared experiences in bars and pubs etc.
Habits, language usage, agreed upon patterns, people start using words, style or acting in a way and eventually grows on others and becomes a social norm for this group or region and so on.
irredentism
people who live outside the country’s borders, thus still belonging to the country’s cultural and traditional ways.
lifeworld
Its inhabitants routines, styles and so on are formed from living or going to the same places everyday.
ordinary landscapes
everyday life routines, everyday landscapes people create together in their daily lives. Landscapes are constantly changed by the people living in them, their influence.
physical geography
deals with Earth’s natural processes and outcomes, environment: climate, weather patterns, soil formations, land, plant and animal ecology
place
places are specific geographical settings with distinctive physical, social and cultural attributes.
region
regions are territories that encompass many places. They share the same attributes compared to other places and regions.
regional geography
includes both human and physical geography. This deals with the unique landscapes of territories and its inhabitants and their cultural ways. How they both influence each other.
regionalism
collective identity, unified culture, language, society.
These are still regions. An area or territory where there is one economic, society, ethnicity, background. Unified cultural identity.
regionalization
Research is done on a certain small area, negative is that if you only think about this one area, you won’t think of the bigger perspective. At the same time it is also necessary to understand these smaller areas and think about their needs, culture, people, society and so on.
remote sensing
the scanning of the earth by satellite or high-flying aircraft in order to obtain information about it.
sectionalism
division into land sections. Smaller area than a region. Their political and cultural views are so strong that these areas are forced into sectionalism.
sense of place
this is a certain place that can mean a lot to a person or a group. They have an emotional, spiritual attachment to it (with memories and experiences) and might share the same values.
site
the exact location of a city, you can find it on a map.
situation
relates to its surrounding features, both human-made and natural
socioeconomic space
consists of sites, situations, routes, regions, patterns
spatial analysis
type of geographical analysis which seeks to explain patterns of human behavior and its spatial expression in terms of mathematics and geometry
spatial diffusion
the process by which behavior or characteristics of the landscape change as a result of what happens elsewhere earlier
spatial interaction
a basic concept that considers how locations interact with each other in terms of the movement of people, freight, services, energy, or information.
symbolic landscapes
Not naturally occurring landscapes, through architecture and have symbolic meaning.
time-space convergence
the decline in travel time between geographical locations as a result of transportation, communication, and related technological and social innovations
topological space
a convex if a straight line joining any two points on the space is contained entirely in the space
utility
property of substance which makes it a resource
