Chapter 1- Foundations for Understanding Communication in Health Studies Flashcards
What are the types of communication?
Verbal
Nonverbal
Written
What are the 3 forms of communication?
- Intrapersonal communication
- Interpersonal communication
- Group communication
What is verbal communication?
Oral communication through spoken words, vocal intonation, and pace.
What is nonverbal communication?
Includes facial expressions, eye contact, gestures, and body language.
What is written communication?
Involves written words, symbols, pictures, and diagrams.
-Documentation, reports
What is Intrapersonal communication?
Communicating with oneself using internal vocalisation or reflective thinking
-Helps with social adjustment and self-concept
Examples of Intrapersonal communication?
Self-talk, imagination, visualisation and memory
What is Interpersonal communication?
Communication between dyads (pairs) whose lives mutually influence each other
-Goal orientated, fulfilling instrumental (achieve an outcome) and relational needs (evolve a relationship).
What is Group communication?
Among three or more people to achieve a shared goal
-Task focused, more formal and intentional than interpersonal
What are the 3 models of communication?
- Transmission model
- Interaction model
- Transaction model
What is the transmission model of communication?
It is a linear process where the sender encodes a message and transmits it to a receiver
-Focuses on a sender, message and channel and the receiver.
What is the sender?
Initiator of the communication process. Encode their thoughts into a message.
What is the message?
Content being transmitted from the sender to the receiver
-Verbal. nonverbal or written
What is the channel?
medium through which the message travels from the sender to the receiver
-Speech (auditory, sound waves), writing, text messages, emails
What can interfere with the success of the transmission model?
Environmental and semantic noise
What is the limitation of the transmission model of communication?
Doesn’t fully capture face-to-face interactions
-Receiver either successfully understands the message or doesn’t
What is the Interaction Model of Communication?
a Two-way process: Participants alternate as sender and receiver (feedback)
What does the Interaction model produce?
Communication produces conversations within contexts (physical/environmental and psychological /emotional)
What is Transaction model of communication?
Simultaneous senders and receivers
What does the Transaction model produce?
Generates social realties, constructs relationships and communities
What contexts are taken into consideration with the Transaction model?
Social (rules and norms), relational (interpersonal history and relationships) and cultural (gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation and ability)
What are the four primary needs communication serves?
- Physical
- Instrumental
- Relational
- Identity
What kind of behaviour is communication?
A learned behaviour
-varies based on culture and language
What guides communication?
Culture and context
What kind of implications does communication have?
Ethical implications
-What do you consider right or wrong?
What does communication influence?
Influences our…
-Self-perception (how we think about ourselves and present ourselves)
-Understanding of others
-Learning process (get feedback on how to improve communication)
What is communication competence?
refers to the knowledge of effective communication and the ability to adapt that knowledge
What factors affect communication competence?
Age, maturity, mood, stress, personality
What are the stages of communication competence?
- Unconscious incompetence
- Conscious incompetence
- Conscious competence
- Unconscious competence
What is Unconscious incompetence?
Individual lacks awareness of their incompetence in a particular skill or area
What is conscious incompetence?
Individuals become aware of their lack of competence and understand what they need to learn
What is conscious competence?
Individuals have the knowledge and skills to perform tasks effectively but requires conscious effort and focus
What is Unconscious competence?
Final stage- Competence is second nature
Individuals perform tasks effortlessly and automatically
What principles does professional communication involve?
- Being ethical
- Being truthful
- Being accurate
- Being clear and concise
- Being comprehensive
Example of a place where professional communication is used?
working in Health studies
