Chapter 1 - Exploring Life and Science

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

Smallest unit of an element composed of electrons, protons and neutrons.

Question 2

Molecule

Answer 2

Union of two or more atoms of the same or different elements.

Question 3

Cell

Answer 3

The smallest unit that displays the properties of life. All organisms are composed of cells and new cells only come from pre-existing cells.

Question 4

Tissue

Answer 4

A group of cells with a common structure and function.

Question 5

Organ

Answer 5

Composed of tissues functioning together for a specific task.

Question 6

Organ system

Answer 6

Composed of several organs working together.

Question 7

Organism

Answer 7

Individual living thing

Question 8

Population

Answer 8

Organisms of the same species in a particular area.

Question 9

Community

Answer 9

Interacting populations in a particular area.

Question 10

Ecosystem

Answer 10

Populations of organisms interact with each other in the physical environment.

Question 11

Biosphere

Answer 11

Regions of the earth’s crust, waters, and atmosphere inhabited by living organisms.

Question 12

Biology

Answer 12

The science of biology is the study of living organisms and their environments.

Question 13

Photosynthesis

Answer 13

Process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria harvest the energy of the sun and convert it to chemical energy.

Question 14

Metabolism

Answer 14

All the chemical reactions that occur in a cell

Question 15

Homeostasis

Answer 15

Maintenance of normal internal conditions in a cell or an organism by means of self regulating mechanisms.

Question 16

Stimulus

Answer 16

A stimulus is a detectable change in the internal or external environment.

Question 17

Reproduce

Answer 17

When organisms reproduce they pass on their genetic information to the next generation.

Question 18

Growth

Answer 18

Increase in the number of cells and/or the size of the cells. Example – fertilized egg into fetus

Question 19

Development

Answer 19

The term development is used to indicate all the changes that occur from the time the egg is fertilized until death.

Question 20

DNA

Answer 20

The genetic information of all life is deoxyribonucleic acid.

DNA contains the hereditary information that directs not only the structure of each cell but also it’s function.

Question 21

Genes

Answer 21

Organisms contain coded information that dictates their form, function, and behavior.

Question 22

Mutations

Answer 22

Alteration in chromosome structure or number and also an alteration in a gene due to change in DNA composition.

Question 23

Evolution

Answer 23

The process by which a population changes over time. All organisms have a common ancestor, but each is adapted to a particular way of life.

Question 24

Natural selection

Answer 24

The mechanism by which evolution occurs.

Question 25

Biologists classify all life as belonging to one of three domains. What are these three domains?

Answer 25

BAE = Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

Question 26

Domain Eukarya is divided into one of four kingdoms. What are the four kingdoms?

Answer 26

Plants (Plantae) , Fungi (Fungi) , Animals (Anamalia), and Protists (Protista).

FAPP

Question 27

Vertebrates

Answer 27

An animal with a spine

Question 28

Science

Answer 28

A way of knowing about the natural world.

Question 29

The scientific method

Answer 29

The steps of the scientific method:

1. Observation
2. Hypothesis
3. Prediction/experiment
4. Collect/analyze data
5. Conclusion

OHPCC

Question 30

Scientific theory

Answer 30

Concepts supported by observations, experiments, and conclusions. Or the scientific method.

Question 31

Variables

Answer 31

experimental variable, purposely change or manipulated.

Constant variable, variable that remains constant.

Question 32

Groups

Answer 32

Test group, group of subjects that are exposed to the experimental variable.

Control group, group for comparison that is not exposed to the experimental variable.

Question 33

Human influences on ecosystems

Answer 33

Humans modify ecosystems for their own purposes. Changes in human behavior and use of new technology can result in new diseases (emerging diseases). Human activities may attribute to climate change (global warming).