CHAPTER 1 Evolution and Misconceptions

Question 1

Douglas Futuyma

evolution embraces even the slight change at the —-

Answer 1

molecular level

not limited on alleles

causing genetic abberation/s

Question 2

Leigh van Valen

control of development by —-

Shelfford’s Law of Tolerance

Answer 2

ecology

environmental stimuli

adaptation; some genetically embedded

Question 3

John Endler

biological evolution is any directional change/ cumulative change or in other words —-

Answer 3

descent with modification

involves descent through genetic inheritance
all life on earth shares a common ancestor

Question 4

Misconceptions on Evolution

Evolution is a theory about origin of life.

Answer 4

Evolution encompasses the start of life up to how life modifies/ changes after the conception of life

Question 5

Misconceptions on Evolution

Evolutionary theory implies that life evolved (and continues to evolve) randomly, or by chance

misunderstanding that offspring’s gene is better because of the conjugation of parents gene

Answer 5

life evolved due to the random mutations and nonrandom mutations (preference over a selection of mate: assortative and disassortative mating)

Question 6

Misconceptions on Evolution

Evolution results in progress; organisms are always getting better through evolution

Answer 6

evolution is not progress, only gives just/ enough characteristics to survive/ thrive

Question 7

Misconceptions on Evolution

Individual organisms can evolve during a single lifespan

Answer 7

1. population does evolve, not individual
2. evolutionary change is based on changes in genetic makeup of populations over time

Lamark’s theory about long neck giraffes

Question 8

Misconceptions on Evolution

evolution only occurs slowly and gradually

Answer 8

can also occur rapidly

Question 9

Misconceptions on Evolution

Because evolution is slow, humans, cannot influence it

Answer 9

humans are instigators of evolution as they cause major changes in environment
1. several species evolved in response to climate change
2. artificial selection - fishing practices
3. insects resistance to pesticides
4. drug resistance of microorganisms

Question 10

Misconceptions on Evolution

Humans are not currently evolving

Answer 10

genetic hitchhiking/ selective weep

Question 11

Misconceptions on Evolution

Species are distinct natural entities with a clear definition that can be easily recognized by anyone

definition of species

Answer 11

Species are organisms capable to reproduce viable offspring.