Chapter 1-drug/agents & Factors Flashcards
A drug information source that would be most appropriate to use to identify an unknown drug products by its appearance
PDR
Provides color pictures of many drugs to facilitate the ID of unknown drug products
Pharmacology
Study of history, sources and physical and chemical properties of drugs
How drugs affect living system
A device used to estimate body surface area based on a clients height and weight is a
Nomogram
A chart that permits estimation of BSA from height and weight data
If the half life of an antibiotic is 6 hours, the percentage of the original dose that will remain in a clients body 24 hours after a single dose has been administered is
6.25
As each 6 hour interval ( 1 half life ) elapses, the drug concentration in the body is further reduced by 50% of what it was at the beginning of the interval
Legend drug
Labeled with caution, federal law prohibits dispensing without a prescription
All prescription drugs are legend drugs
Abnormal reactivity that is based on genetic factors and may occur with the first exposure to a drug is known as
Idiosyncratic effect which is a adverse reaction
Pharmacodynamics
The study of biochemical and physiological effects of drugs as well as their mechanism of action
Soft gelatin capsule most commonly employed in encapsulating
Liquid drugs
Designed to encapsulate liquid medication
Liquid medicinal product that contains both oil and water
Emulsion
The controlled substance act classifies drugs according to their potential for abuse and it also
Regulates the manufacture and distribution of drugs that may cause dependence
Secretion of a drug into the renal tubule occurs at
Proximal tubule
Process by which a drug passes into the fluids of the body is
Absorption
Process by which the drug passes from the site of administration into the body fluids that will carry it to its site of action
Drug molecules that are bound to plasma protein are
Pharmacologically inactive
Unable to elicit effort until the active levels fall
The minimal level of a drug required to elicit a pharmacological response is
Minimum effective concentration
When the effect of one drug are potentiated or diminished is called
Drug interaction
Acetaminophen with codeine is considered
Schedule III agent
Controlled substance
Legend drug
Necessary when measuring the plasma concentration of a drug
Age and weight
Clients renal, hepatic,& cardiovascular functioning status
Clients use of other medications
Which drug can green tea effect due to having vitamin k
Warfarin
Clients with concern for medication payments
There are agencies that provide assistance such as PPA
The use of the antibiotic is
Curative
They are given to cure an infection
Suspension form drug
Shake throughly
Microsomal enzymes are important factor in which drug therapy
Bio transformation
They originate in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum if the liver and are necessary for metabolism or biotransformation
A client with renal insufficiency and is taking a lot of medication
Client may need to have lower dosages due to the risk of accumulation of the medications
patient is taking a medication to increase the time it takes to clot her blood (anticoagulant) has a long history of using herbal agents what statements show patient needs further training
I can continue to use garlic for a dietary supplement to decrease my cholesterol
* garlic has shown to increase the risk of bleeding
client who is taking black cohosh for pms is talking to nurse about considering getting pregnant
black cohosh is a contraindicated during pregnancy due to increased risk of miscarriage
when administering a medication the route of administration primarily affects the drugs
absorption
which is the process by which a drug passes from its site of administration into the fluids of the body
the clinical pharmacology section of a drug product insert describes
the mechanism of action of the active drug int he human body
the physician has prescribed enteric-coated tablets for the client. which is true about enteric-coated tablets
tablets are designed to carry drugs that can irritate the stomach
client has switched from brand name to generic version of the same drug
it is possible for the client to respond in a different manner to the generic version
* the generic drug may not be bio-equivalent to the brand name due to the differences in formulation
drug induced teratogenesis likely to occur
during the first trimester of pregnancy
an elderly woman with mild liver damage due to hepatitis
the client may need to reduce dosages of medication because
the drugs may accumulate in the clients body a produce toxicity which is a cumulative effect of both the drug and active metabolites
client asks nurse if she should take the herb ginko to help with forgetfulness , nurse best response is
herbal medicine ARE not regulated by the FDA therefore safety cannot be regulated
study of how drugs are best used to treat illness is called
pharmacotherapuetics
sterile sealed glass containers that hold a single liquid dose is
ampules
during early stage of development the first name applied to a new drug is
chemical name
under the controlled substance act of 1970, schedule 1 drugs are those that have
high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use in the united states
drugs administered sub lingual are
absorbed directly into the bloodstream
they have a more rapid onset of action
some clinical trials indicated that garlic may have which beneficial effect
reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke
nurse understands that administration of medications
allergic reactions are not the result of pharmacological effects of the medication
after receiving numerous doses of a narcotic for pain the client seems to require the medication more often
tolerance
