Chapter 1: Determinants of Health (Laboratory) Flashcards
- Any community of individuals drawn together by a common bond of nearness and interaction (John Hanlon)
- Large number of people who form a relatively organized, self-sufficient, enduring body (Hebding & Glick)
Society
What are the THREE key elements of Social Structure?
- Roles
- Institution
- Status
- Society refers to the people, and culture pertains to patterns and ways of group life.
- Complex material and spiritual goods created by the activity of people in the process of social development.
Culture
What are the TWO components of Culture?
- Material
- Non-material
Material or Non-material
Things people create and use.
Material
Material or Non-material
Norms, values, beliefs, language
Non-material
Give at least the characteristics of culture
- It is learned
- Universal
- Social
- Integrated
- Dynamic and adaptive
Study of concrete or objective conditions within the context of the dynamic and interrelated ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, and CULTURAL dimensions of society.
Sociocultural Analysis
What are the THREE cultural determinants of health?
- Health
- Illness
- Disease
“State of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO)
Health
Malfunctioning or maladaptation of biological and psychophysiological processes in the individual.
Disease
The threat of incapacity of the person to fulfill personal expectations or perform social roles.
Illness
- Prevalence of the signs
- Congruence of the sign with dominant or major value orientations
Culture on the perception of symptoms
Present themselves in a favorable light or?
Accepted and good by society
Tendency to hide embarrassing information or?
Stigmatizing condition
- Type of signaling device for drawing attention to tissue damage or to a physiological malfunction.
- Not all social or cultural groups may perceive, respond, and communicate pain in the same way.
Pain
Not communicated to another person.
Private pain
- A person in pain signals that to another person, the private pain becomes a public
pain - Translation of private into public pain is influenced by the person’s interpretation
whether the pain is “normal” or “abnormal”
Public pain
What are the SIX cultural influences on the epidemiology of disease?
- Dietary patterns
- Pregnancy and childbirth practices
- Contraceptives
- Marriage and kinship patterns
- Child-bearing practices
- Body alterations
- Provides social support
- Affective support
- Instrumental support
- Cognitive support
- Maintenance of social identity
- Social Outreach
- Influences health-seeking behavior
Social network
“the process of provisioning a society with the goods and services it requires to meet the needs of the members of society” (Susser, Watson & Hopper)
Economics
How do Microeconomic policies affect health?
- Government expenditures on health services
- Distribution of national income
- Income level of household
What are the TWO Microeconomic issues and health?
- Income social class
- Economics in health care
“concerned with making implementing decisions vested with the authority of the
society for which the decisions are made” (William Safire)
Politics
What are the TWO related concepts in politics?
- Influence
- Authority
The capacity of political actors to affect the behavior of others in a manner favored by the actor.
- Political resources
- Extent of the influence
Influence
Influence derived from willing acceptance of one’s right to make rules or issue command
Authority
Capacity to affect the behavior of others in some desired way
- Persuasion, Mild pressure, Extreme pressure
Power
What are the THREE forms of pressure group politics?
- Channels
- Consultation and negotiations
- Political mobilizations of groups
What are the THREE periods in the pre-colonial era of public health in the Philippines?
- Mytical period
- Superstitious period
- Emperical period
In what year did the first hospital in Cebu known as Casa Real?
1565
In what year did establish of San Juan De Dios?
1577
In what year does vaccination against the smallpox of Dr. Francisco Xavier?
1805
In what year did the Laboratorio Municipal de Manila?
1887
In what year did establish the Carriedo Waterworks?
1878
In what era did the Insular Board of Health to the Philippine Health Service then become the Bureau of Health?
American era
In what year did establish the Department of Health?
1947
What R.A. does “An act strengthening health and dental services in rural areas”?
R.A. 1082 in 1954
How many regional health offices were in post WWII era?
12
How many District hospitals were in post WWII era?
3-4
Generic Act of 1988
R.A. 6675
Magna Carta of Public Health Workers Act of 1992
R.A. 7305
National Health Insurance Act of 1995 (Amended by R.A. 10606 or the National Health Insurance Act of 2013)
R.A. 7875
Newborn Screening Act of 2004
R.A. 9288
Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act (RH Law) of 2012
R.A. 10354
Sin Tax Reform Law of 2012
R.A. 10351
Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act of 2018
R.A. 11166
Universal Health Care Act of 2009
R.A. 11223
