Chapter 1 Cells Flashcards
What does magnification equal
Magnification = size of image / real size of object
How many um are in 1 millimetre?
In 1 millimetre there are 1000 micrometers (um)
What are the advantages of using a light microscope?
The advantages of using a light microscope are;
There relatively inexpensive
They can study live specimen
The bets can magnify 2000X
What the advantages and disadvantages of using an electron microscope?
Advantages; They can magnify up 2,000,000X Clear images little distortion Disadvantages; Expensive Kill there specimen Large Need temperature, humidity and pressure controlled rooms
What does the nucleus do?
The nucleus controls all activities of the cell and is surrounded by the nuclear membrane. It contains the genes on the chromosomes that carry the instructions for making the proteins needed to build new cells or new organisms. The average diameter is around 10um
What does the cytoplasm do?
The cytoplasm is a liquid gel in which the organelles are suspended and where most of the chemical reactions take place.
What does the Cell membrane do?
The cell membrane controls the passage of substances such as glucose and mineral ions into the cell. It also controls the movement of substance such as urea or hormones out of the cell.
What does the mitochondria do?
The mitochondria structures in the cytoplasm where aerobic respiration takes place, releasing energy for the cell. They are very small: 1-2um in length and only 0.2-0.7um in diameter.
What does the Ribosomes do?
The Ribosomes is where protein synthesis takes place making all the proteins needed in the cell.
What are Chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts are found in all the green parts of a plant. They are green because they contain the green substance chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs light so the plant can make food by photosynthesis. Each Chloroplast is around 3-5 um long. Root cells do not have chloroplasts because they are underground and do not photosynthesis.
What is a permanent vacuole?
A permanent vacuole is a space in the cytoplasm filled cell sap. This is important for keeping the cells rigid to support the plant.
What is a Eukaryotic Cell?
A Eukaryotic Cell are found in plant and animal
What is prokaryotic cell?
Bacteria are single-called organisms. They are examples of Prokaryotes cells. Bacteria have cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall. In prokaryotic cells the genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus.
What is a Eukaryotic Cell?
A Eukaryotic Cell are found in plant and animal
Diffusion is
The net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration this happens until the particles are evenly spread out
