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PE > CHAPTER 1- applied anatomy and physiology (p1) > Flashcards

CHAPTER 1- applied anatomy and physiology (p1) Flashcards

1
Q

what does EPOC stand for

A

Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption

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2
Q

when does EPOC occur

A

increased rate of oxygen intake following strenuous exercise to repay oxygen debt created at the start of exercise when not enough oxygen is being taken in

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3
Q

types of recovery after vigorous execise

A

rehydration, manipulation of diet, massage, ice baths

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4
Q

how does rehydration help you recover

A

restore fluids lost during exercise

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5
Q

how does manipulation diet help recovery

A

consuming more carbs than usual will help restore the glucose used in exercise

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6
Q

how do massages help recovery

A

they increase blood flow, reduce inflammation and help prevent DOMS

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7
Q

how do ice baths help recovery

A

reduce inflammation and DOMS by repairing micro tears in muscle fibres

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8
Q

why is fast recovery time beneficial

A

faster recovery = play at a better level faster

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9
Q

what does a cool down do

A

1) maintain elevated breathing/heart rate
2) continue blood flow to muscles
3) get rid of lactic acid

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10
Q

what are immediate effects of exercise

A

increased body temp
increased breathing rate
increased heart rate

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11
Q

what are short term effects of exercise

A

fatigue
light-headedness
nausea
DOMS
cramp

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12
Q

when do short term effects occur

A

24-36 hours after

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13
Q

what are long term effects of exercise

A

change in body shape
hypertrophy (increased heart size)
bradycardia (lower resting HR)

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14
Q

when do long term effects occur

A

after months and years of exercise

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15
Q

why is hypertrophy a good thing

A

heart becomes bigger and stronger so can pump more blood around the body (more efficient)

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16
Q

why is bradycardia a good thing

A

less recovery time needed after exercise

17
Q

what else improves in the long term

A

CoF e.g flexibility, CVE, speed

18
Q

how to work out cardiac output

A

cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume

19
Q

functions of the skeletal system

A
  • support
  • movement
  • protection
  • blood cell production
  • mineral storage
20
Q

classification of bones

A
  • long bones
  • short bones
  • flat bones
  • irregular bones
21
Q

what do long bones do

A

helps translate the force generated by skeletal muscles into mechanical leverage

22
Q

what do flat bones do

A

helps protect the body’s internal organs and muscle attachment

23
Q

what do short bones do

A

helps provide support and stability with fine movements

24
Q

what are irregular bones

A

do not fall into other categories, but generally help with protection and support

25
Q

components of a synovial joint

A

muscle, ligament, synovial fluid, synovial membrane, joint capsule, cartilage and tendon

26
Q

what movements occur at hinge joints

A

flexion and extension

27
Q

what movements occur at a ball and socket joint

A

flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction, rotation

28
Q

what is flexion

A

angle at joint decreases

29
Q

what is extension

A

angle at joint increases

30
Q

what is rotation

A

a turning or rotating motion around a single axis

31
Q

what is circumduction

A

the circular movement of a limb extending from the joint

32
Q

what is abduction

A

movement away from the midline of the body

33
Q

what is adduction

A

movement toward the midline of the body

34
Q

what are cardiac muscles

A
  • found in the walls of the heart
  • involuntary control
  • do not fatigue
35
Q

what are skeletal muscles

A
  • voluntary control
  • found throughout the body
  • attached to bones by tendons
36
Q

what is total lung capacity

A

the volume of air contained in the lungs at the end of maximal inspiration

37
Q

what is tidal volume

A

the amount of air normally inhaled and exhaled per breath

38
Q

what is vital capacity

A

the maximum volume of air exhaled after the lungs have been filled to capacity

39
Q

what does a synovial joint look like

A

PE (7 decks)

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