Chapter 1 And 2 Flashcards
Based on the case study 45 Parkinson disease, which of the following facts belong to the component of body structures/functions on the ICF framework?
His tremors have become less pronounced during the last three weeks
@Case study 45 Parkinson disease and ICF framework
Based on the case study 45 Parkinson disease,which of the following facts belong to the personal factor on the ICF framework?
Relocated after his wife’s death and now living with family of four wyoming; mother wife of family is LPN and caregiver in the home.
@ case study 45 Parkinson disease and ICF framework
What is defined as the development of unhealthy conditions or disease
Pathogenesis
The WHO defines which of the following as a state of complete physical mental and social well being and not merely as the absence of disease or infirmity
Health
Which of the following is the correct term used to describe a medical condition that is substantiated by objective data such as elevated temperature or presence of infection
Disease
If an individual has experienced brain damage that leads to decrease executive function what area of the brain is most likely injured?
Right hemisphere
Who created the germ theory
Louis pasteur
Who made a groundbreaking study of mitochondrial DNA at the beginning of the 20th century
Douglas Wallace
Which is not a primary prevention strategy
Antibiotics
When was the human genome project started
1990
The number one cause of death in the US adult population heart disease has been reduced by how much due to changes in diet and lifestyle
52%
Gender and sex differences are topics with constantly updating information. Recent research has indicated that steroid induced epigenetics changes impact a single life span. Which of the following may exert a multigenerational effect
Endocrine disrupting compounds
Which of the following is NOT an example of a damage based explanation of aging
Telomerase theory
Adverse childhood experiences are linked to problems in adulthood including all except
Travel related diseases
Who are examples of successful aging
Those in their 100s
Past school of thought indicated that race was the cause of health disparities while current thinking indicated that epigenetics is more likely the cause and include interactions between all except the following
The amount of melanin in skin
Life expectancy in the 20th century has increased by 35 yrs. Healthcare improvements have created an additional how many years of that 35?
7 yrs
What group has been the most rapid population increase in the last decade?
Over age 85
Supercenturians live to be over how many years past 100?
10 years
What is an illness
Sickness or derivation from a healthy state
The perception and response of the person to not being well
A person can feel very ill even though no obvious pathological processes can be identified
Acute illness
Usually refers to an illness or disease that has a relatively rapid onset and short duration
Not synonymous with severe
Physical symptoms cognitive awareness,and emotional response
If no complications occur most acute illnesses end in a full recovery and in the individual returns to the previous levels of functioning
Chronic illness
Permanent impairment or disability
Residual physical or cognitive disability
Need for special rehabilitation
Potential for decreased quality of life
Pathology
The structural and functional changes in the body caused by disease or trauma
Clinical pathology
The pathology applied to the solution of clinical problems
Executive function
Corgnitive function involved in formulating goals and planning initiating monitoring and maintaining behavior
Primary prevention
Removing or reducing disease risk factors
Ex.Helmets,diets,anti smoking ads
Secondary prevention
To promote early detection of disease and to employ preventative measures to avoid further complications
Ex. Tb test, colonoscopy, mammogram
Tertiary prevention
Limit the impact of established disease
Ex. Physical therapy, chemotherapy
Epigenetics
The study of how biology and environmental signals determine gene expression
Transcription
DNA to mRna
Translation
mRna to protein
What is the role of the C peptide
Plays an important role in the correct folding of insulin and the formation of disulfide bridges
Is a sign that your body is producing insulin low or no c peptide indicates that your pancreas is producing little or no insulin
Histones
Proteins which DNA can wind for compaction and gene regulation
DNA methylation
Methyl group ( an epigenetic factor found in some dietary sources) can tag DNA and activate or repress genes
Histone acetylation
Relaxes the DNA histone arrangement which makes the DNA accessible for transcription increasing gene expression
A pt is doing an initial evaluation on a knee patient. Which of the following facts told by a patient belongs to the component of body structures/functions on the ICF framework?
My knee feels really weak and sometimes it just gives way without warning
Which of the following statements made by patients best represents a personal factor according to the ICF framework?
I have a strong support system from My family and close friends, which helps my manage my health better
Which of the following actions taken by PT is an example of tertiary preventions in preventative medicine
Designing a fall prevention program for an elderly patient to reduce the risk of future falls, to prevent complications and further deterioration
Which of the following is the set time frame to define a subacute condition
There is no set time frame
Which of the following psychological defense mechanisms is illustrated by a patient who insists that their illness is not serious and continues to engage in activities that might worsen their condition ?
Denial
What is the process or condition of growing old that may be the result of continuous cellular metabolism, cellular damage, and inefficient repair systems throughout the entire lifespan
Senescence
Based on behavioral trends in health care which of the following age groups is most likely to assume a passive role in their own healthcare?
Age 80 and older
Recent epigentic studies have shown benefits to people with increased blood pressure high blood sugar excess body fat around the waist and abnormal cholesterol or triglycerides levels with interventions involving which interventions that physical therapist provide
Therapeutic activities and exercise
Which if the following has been shown to control DNA accessibility and gene activation or inactivation
DNA methylation and histone acetylation
Which of the following is the product of gene expression ?
Protein
In terms of epigenetics which of the following individuals is an example of successful aging
My neighbor, who is 103
