Chapter 1

Question 1

communication

Answer 1

a process that is uniquely created and involved mutual and interdependent behaviors

Question 2

principles of communication

Answer 2

content and relation dimensions/
intentional v. unintentional/irreversible/
unrepeatable

Question 3

conflict

Answer 3

the interaction of interdependent parties who perceive incompatibility and the possibility of interference from others as a result of this incompatibility

Question 4

verbal communication

Answer 4

linguistic meaning, relating to language or linguistics; is how we speak to one another; study of languages and its structures

Question 5

nonverbal communication

Answer 5

gestures, facial expression, and emoticons

Question 6

interdependence

Answer 6

the dependence of two or more people or things on each other

Question 7

incompatibility

Answer 7

the condition of two things being so different in nature as to be incapable of coexisting

Question 8

the role and significance of perception

Answer 8

perception is defined as belief something will happen or be the case; how we understand the conflict and how we understand why the conflict is happening

Question 9

interpersonal settings

Answer 9

family, friends, roommates, co-workers, neighbors

Question 10

group.team settings

Answer 10

individuals working with one another to come to a common understanding and to make decisions that affect one another to some degree (sports teams and group projects)

Question 11

organization settings

Answer 11

government agencies, non-profits, academic institutions, and private companies

Question 12

intergroup settings

Answer 12

focuses on individuals as representatives of social groups rather than unique individuals; relationships among teams, groups, organizations ; outcomes are affected by actions and reactions; communication strategies; perceptions and interpretations

Question 13

media richness theory

Answer 13

media can vary in terms of their ability to transmit information that will change understanding in others

Question 14

differences between productive and destructive conflicts

Answer 14

productive; conflicts depend on flexibility (variety of behaviors) destructive; conflicts are premised on the the idea that one side must win and one must lose

Question 15

differentiation

Answer 15

a phase of conflict in which parties express perspectives, exchange information regarding their position in the conflict and acknowledge each others differences/needs

Question 16

differentiation and avoidance

Answer 16

refusal to acknolwledge a conflict; “don’t talk about it”

Question 17

differentiation and escalation

Answer 17

occurs when conflict is highly personalized and directed away from the underlying cause; requires alternative response to overcome inflexibility

Question 18

symptoms of avoidance

Answer 18

decrease in commitment to solve conflict, parties stop themselves from discussing controversial aspects of conflict, discussion centers on the safe aspects of a more explosive issue, outspoken people are more quiet than usual, quick acceptance of suggested solution, tuning out an interaction, little sharing of information, no plan is made to implement a solution

Question 19

symptoms of escalation

Answer 19

issue takes longer than anticipated to confront, threats are used to “win” arguments, name calling and personal arguments, heated disagreements about trivial issues, the same argument is offered repeatedly, tension is present and felt, sarcasm or humor is used as a release, parties over inflate consequences of not reaching an agreement.

Question 20

integration

Answer 20

conflict focus transitions from difference to negotiation and cooperation

Question 21

properties of conflict

Answer 21

1. Conflict is constituted and sustained by moves and counter moves during interaction. 2. Patterns of behavior in conflict tend to perpetuate themselves. 3. Conflict interaction is influenced by and in turn affects relationships. 4. Conflict interaction is influenced by context.
   Conflict as emergent

Question 22

self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 22

anticipating a competitive response encourages competition to be initiated through the first move, which in turn, elects a competitive response from the opposing party

Question 23

levels of meaning

Answer 23

content, relational

Question 24

content

Answer 24

the content level of meaning, literal or denotative. Information in a message or interpersonal communication. Communication between two or more people.

Question 25

relational

Answer 25

Relationships change the dynamic of a conflict between two people, the type of relationship & how close it is will make for different approaches to engaging with the other party(s)