Chapter 1 Flashcards
FAA
Federal Aviation Administration- which governs commercial and general aviation
FARs
Federal Aviation Regulations- issued by FAA, provide rules which apply to all areas of aviation, including flight operations, the construction of aircraft, and the training requirements which must be met to obtain pilot certificates and ratings.
FBOs
Fixed Base Operators- training schools located at airports.
Two types of training schools
FAA-approved schools governed by FAR Part 141 and schools governed by FAR Part 61. Both employ FAA certified flight instructors.
Three classes of medical certificates
First class: designated for airline transport pilot
Second Class: required for commercial pilot
Third Class: for student, recreational, and private pilots
What’s required for Private Pilot Certificate?
- 70% or better on exam
- 40 hrs of flight time. Consisting of 20 hrs dual instruction and 10 hrs of solo flight.
What is the training course sequence?
Presolo
Cross-Country
Practical Test Preparation
Pilot in Command
is directly responsible for, and is the final authority as to, the operation of that aircraft.
Does your private pilot certificate expire?
No. But you must complete a flight review every 24 calendar months to act as pilot in command. Also, if carrying passengers you must have performed 3 take off’s and landings within the preceding 90 days.
What’s included in a flight review?
Administered by a CFI consists of at least one hour of ground instruction and one hour of flight instruction. During the review, your knowledge of current regulations and procedures is evaluated, as well as your proficiency in performing pilot operations and maneuvers.
What is AOPA
Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association. A nonprofit organization dedicated to general aviation. They provide a wide variety of benefits including pilot info, legal services, loan programs, as well as pilot and aircraft insurance.
What is the EAA?
Experimental Aircraft Association. Founded in 1953. Leader in aviation education, and provides inspiration for innovative ideas in aircraft design, construction, and flight technique.
What is the Ninety-Nines, INC?
They are an international organization of women pilots with members from 35 countries. Their mission is to provide networking and scholarship opportunities for women, sponsor aviation education in the community, and preserve the unique history of women in aviation.
What is CAP?
Civil Air Patrol. Benevolent, nonprofit organization with three primary missions: Aerospace Education, Cadet Programs, and Emergency Services.
What is an aircraft checkout?
Transition training to a new aircraft.
What is a high-performance airplane?
airplane with an engine having more than 200 horsepower.
What is a complex airplane?
airplane with retractable landing gear, flaps, and a controllable-pitch propellar.
What is your instrument rating?
it allows you to fly in the clouds with no reference to the ground or horizon. Allows you to fly under IFR rules. Must have 40 hrs of flight time.
What is IFR?
Instrument flight rules
What is VFR?
Visual flight rules
Requirements for multi-engine rating?
No specific ground or flight instruction hours.
Pass practical test.
Requirments for Seaplane rating?
No minimum number of flight hours.
Pass practical test.
What is a flying boat?
single-main-float seaplane.
What is a Floatplane?
Twin float seaplane.
Requirements for Commercial Pilot Certificate?
- 190 to 250 hrs of flight time
- minimum of 100 hours of pilot in command time
- 50 hrs of cross country
- 10 hours of flight training in an airplane with retractable landing gear, flaps, and a controllable pitch propellar.
- pass a knowledge test
- pass a practical test
What does Commercial Pilot Certificate give you?
act as pilot in command of an aircraft carrying persons or property for hire.
What is CFI?
Certified flight instructor
Requirments for certified flight instructor?
- No minimum hrs
- two knowledge exams
- practical test
What is ATP?
Airline Transport Pilot
What are airline transport pilot requirements?
- 1500 hrs flight time
- 250 hrs pilot in command time
- 500 hrs cross country
- 100 hrs night
- 75 hrs instrument experience
- knowledge test
- practical test
What percentage of aviation accidents are due to human factor?
75
What is CRM
Crew Resource Management. Human factors training. The focus of CRM programs is the effective use of all available resources: human resources, hardware, and information.
First step in Decision-Making Process?
Defining the problem.
Second step in Decision-Making Process?
Evaluate the need to react to it and determine the actions which may be taken to resolve the situation in the time available.
Third Step in Decision-Making Process?
Evaluate to determine if additional steps need to be taken.
Aeronautical decision-making process (ADM)
When the decision-making process is applied to flight operations.
Factors which influence aeronautical decision making.
- Pilot-in-command responsibility
- communication
- workload management
- resource use
- situational awareness
Pilot-in-command responsibility
understand your own personal limitations such as general health, level of stress or fatigue, attitude, knowledge, skill level, and recency of experience.
What are the five attitudes that are hazardous to pilots?
- Anti-authority
- Impulsivity
- Invulnerability
- Macho
- Resignation
What are the three pilot-in-command responsibility concepts?
- Self-Assessment
- Hazardous Attitudes
- Interpersonal Relationships
What is ear and sinus block?
a difference between air pressure in the middle ear and outside air pressure.
What is the Valsalva maneuver?
Holding your mouth and nose shut while forcefully exhaling.
How long after a non-controlled ascent dive should the diver wait too fly 8000 ft MSL?
12 hours
How long after a controlled ascent dive should the diver wait too fly 8000 ft MSL?
24 hours
How long after any dive should a diver wait to fly above 8000 ft MSL?
24 hours
How long after drinking alcohol can you fly?
8 hours
What percentage must your blood alcohol level be below before flying?
0.04
What is communication?
Exchange of ideas, information, or instruction
What can reduce the severity of ear problems?
Slow descents
How can you open your eustachian tube?
Yawning, swallowing, chewing, or employing Valsalva maneuver.
What is motion sickness caused by?
The brain receiving conflicting messages about the state of the body.
What is stress?
the body’s response to physical and psychological demands placed upon it.
