Chapter 1 Flashcards
How many calories of energy to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1 degree?
1000 calories of energy
200,000 calories are how many food calories?
200 food calories
What is Canada’s top 5 Agri-food exports?
Non durum wheat, canola, durum wheat, live cattle, soybeans
What is Canada’s top 5 seafood exports?
Frozen crab, frozen lobster, non-frozen lobster, salmon, frozen cold-water shrimp
Which country imports the most food to Canada? What is the percentage?
United States - 57% of imported foods
Canada produces the most of this crop?
Canola
Canada produces the 2nd most of this crop?
Oats
Canada produces the 6th most of this crop?
Wheat
Canada produces the 7th most of this crop?
Soybeans
Canada produces the 10th most of this crop?
Corn
What is Ontario’s top 4 field crops?
Hay
soybeans
Grain Corn
Winter Wheat
What is Ontario’s top 4 fruit crops?
Grapes
Apples
Peaches
Strawberries
What is Ontario’s top 4 vegetable crops?
Sweet corn
Potatoes
Green Peas
Tomatoes
What are the sectors of agriculture?
Primary – Agriculture and fisheries
Secondary – Food – related manufacturing (fertilizer)
Tertiary – Food related services (Transportation, Marketing)
What is ag Canada?
Federal department is responsible for governing; ag production, farming income and research and development
How much of the earth’s land is arable?
11%
How much land is free from constraints?
Only about 5% of Canada’s land is free from severe constraints (or limitations) to crop productions
What does CLI stand for?
Canada Land Inventory (CLI)
What is CLI used for?
Used for land use planning
How many classes and sur classes do CLI have?
7 classes and 13 sur classes
What are the CLI classes?
Class 1: no significant limitations
Class 1 to 3: “prime”
Class 4 to 6: Severe limitations
Class 7: No capacity for arable culture
What does M stand for in CLI?
Moisture deficiency
What does T stand for in CLI?
Topography
What does P stand for in CLI?
Stoniness
What does C stand for in CLI?
Adverse Climate
What does E stand for in CLI?
Erosion
What does F stand for in CLI?
Low Fertility
75% of Canada’s dependable ag land is in which provinces?
Saskatchewan
Alberta
Ontario
Which province has the highest concentration of urban land?
Ontario
When was the Nedithic Revolution?
10,000 to 12,000 years ago
What happened during the Nedithic revolution?
Moved from hunter - gatherer to agriculture
Farming led to increase food production per unit area
Define Cultivation
Deliberate sowing or other management of plants which do not necessarily differ from wild population
Define Domestication
Human modification of a plant/animal
Involves genetic change through conscious or unconscious human selection
What are domesticated plants?
Plants with favoured characteristics are preferentially harvested and seeds are replanted
When was the British Agricultural Revolution?
After 1750 to the end of the 19th century
What happened during the British Agricultural Revolution?
Organic agriculture was replaced by a farming system that depended on intensive inputs
What coincided with the industrial revolution?
New management systems
New transportation and preservation systems
New agricultural equipment
When was the Green Revolution?
The 1940’s to 1960’s
Who was Norman Borlaug?
Father of Green Revolution
- Developed semi-dwarf, high yield, disease resistant wheat varieties
How did the Green Revolution increase agricultural yield worldwide?
- High-yielding varieties
- Expansion of irrigation
- Modernization of management techniques
- Distribution of hybridized seeds
- Synthetic pesticides and fertilizers
When did farming start happening in New France?
17th century
When did agriculture begin in western Canada?
19th century
A food calorie is equal to an energy calorie
False
On approximately how much of the Earth’s land can we grow crops?
11%
The green revolution involved:
a) The development of high-yielding grain varieties
b) The development of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers
c) The expansion of irrigation infrastructure
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
D - All of the above
Where does more than half of our imported food come from?
United States
How much of Canada’s land mass is free from severe limitations for crop production?
5%
According to the Canada Land Inventory how many classes of agricultural land exist in Canada?
7
The secondary sector of the agri-food industry includes transportation of food.
False
Which province has the highest concentration of urban land in Canada?
Ontario
The Neolithic Revolution occurred approximately 100,000 years ago.
False
The agricultural revolution that coincided with the scientific and industrial revolutions is considered to be the British Agricultural Revolution.
True
The main benefit of the Green Revolution was that it increased agricultural production worldwide.
True
Agriculture is considered to have originated first in:
The fertile crescent of the Middle East
The largest source of food waste in Canada is associated with:
The consumer
Canada is #1 in the world in the production of the following crop:
Canola
Which of the following has decreased over the last 100 years in Canada:
a) Cropped land area
b) Wheat production
c) Aquaculture production
d) Number of farms
e) All of the above decreased
D - Number of Farms
