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ENVS > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

How many calories of energy to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1 degree?

A

1000 calories of energy

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2
Q

200,000 calories are how many food calories?

A

200 food calories

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3
Q

What is Canada’s top 5 Agri-food exports?

A

Non durum wheat, canola, durum wheat, live cattle, soybeans

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4
Q

What is Canada’s top 5 seafood exports?

A

Frozen crab, frozen lobster, non-frozen lobster, salmon, frozen cold-water shrimp

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5
Q

Which country imports the most food to Canada? What is the percentage?

A

United States - 57% of imported foods

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6
Q

Canada produces the most of this crop?

A

Canola

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7
Q

Canada produces the 2nd most of this crop?

A

Oats

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8
Q

Canada produces the 6th most of this crop?

A

Wheat

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9
Q

Canada produces the 7th most of this crop?

A

Soybeans

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10
Q

Canada produces the 10th most of this crop?

A

Corn

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11
Q

What is Ontario’s top 4 field crops?

A

Hay
soybeans
Grain Corn
Winter Wheat

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12
Q

What is Ontario’s top 4 fruit crops?

A

Grapes
Apples
Peaches
Strawberries

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13
Q

What is Ontario’s top 4 vegetable crops?

A

Sweet corn
Potatoes
Green Peas
Tomatoes

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14
Q

What are the sectors of agriculture?

A

Primary – Agriculture and fisheries
Secondary – Food – related manufacturing (fertilizer)
Tertiary – Food related services (Transportation, Marketing)

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15
Q

What is ag Canada?

A

Federal department is responsible for governing; ag production, farming income and research and development

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16
Q

How much of the earth’s land is arable?

A

11%

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17
Q

How much land is free from constraints?

A

Only about 5% of Canada’s land is free from severe constraints (or limitations) to crop productions

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18
Q

What does CLI stand for?

A

Canada Land Inventory (CLI)

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19
Q

What is CLI used for?

A

Used for land use planning

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20
Q

How many classes and sur classes do CLI have?

A

7 classes and 13 sur classes

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21
Q

What are the CLI classes?

A

Class 1: no significant limitations
Class 1 to 3: “prime”
Class 4 to 6: Severe limitations
Class 7: No capacity for arable culture

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22
Q

What does M stand for in CLI?

A

Moisture deficiency

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23
Q

What does T stand for in CLI?

A

Topography

24
Q

What does P stand for in CLI?

A

Stoniness

25
Q

What does C stand for in CLI?

A

Adverse Climate

26
Q

What does E stand for in CLI?

A

Erosion

27
Q

What does F stand for in CLI?

A

Low Fertility

28
Q

75% of Canada’s dependable ag land is in which provinces?

A

Saskatchewan
Alberta
Ontario

29
Q

Which province has the highest concentration of urban land?

A

Ontario

30
Q

When was the Nedithic Revolution?

A

10,000 to 12,000 years ago

31
Q

What happened during the Nedithic revolution?

A

Moved from hunter - gatherer to agriculture

Farming led to increase food production per unit area

32
Q

Define Cultivation

A

Deliberate sowing or other management of plants which do not necessarily differ from wild population

33
Q

Define Domestication

A

Human modification of a plant/animal

Involves genetic change through conscious or unconscious human selection

34
Q

What are domesticated plants?

A

Plants with favoured characteristics are preferentially harvested and seeds are replanted

35
Q

When was the British Agricultural Revolution?

A

After 1750 to the end of the 19th century

36
Q

What happened during the British Agricultural Revolution?

A

Organic agriculture was replaced by a farming system that depended on intensive inputs

37
Q

What coincided with the industrial revolution?

A

New management systems
New transportation and preservation systems
New agricultural equipment

38
Q

When was the Green Revolution?

A

The 1940’s to 1960’s

39
Q

Who was Norman Borlaug?

A

Father of Green Revolution

- Developed semi-dwarf, high yield, disease resistant wheat varieties

40
Q

How did the Green Revolution increase agricultural yield worldwide?

A
  • High-yielding varieties
  • Expansion of irrigation
  • Modernization of management techniques
  • Distribution of hybridized seeds
  • Synthetic pesticides and fertilizers
41
Q

When did farming start happening in New France?

A

17th century

42
Q

When did agriculture begin in western Canada?

A

19th century

43
Q

A food calorie is equal to an energy calorie

A

False

44
Q

On approximately how much of the Earth’s land can we grow crops?

A

11%

45
Q

The green revolution involved:

a) The development of high-yielding grain varieties
b) The development of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers
c) The expansion of irrigation infrastructure
d) All of the above
e) None of the above

A

D - All of the above

46
Q

Where does more than half of our imported food come from?

A

United States

47
Q

How much of Canada’s land mass is free from severe limitations for crop production?

A

5%

48
Q

According to the Canada Land Inventory how many classes of agricultural land exist in Canada?

A

7

49
Q

The secondary sector of the agri-food industry includes transportation of food.

A

False

50
Q

Which province has the highest concentration of urban land in Canada?

A

Ontario

51
Q

The Neolithic Revolution occurred approximately 100,000 years ago.

A

False

52
Q

The agricultural revolution that coincided with the scientific and industrial revolutions is considered to be the British Agricultural Revolution.

A

True

53
Q

The main benefit of the Green Revolution was that it increased agricultural production worldwide.

A

True

54
Q

Agriculture is considered to have originated first in:

A

The fertile crescent of the Middle East

55
Q

The largest source of food waste in Canada is associated with:

A

The consumer

56
Q

Canada is #1 in the world in the production of the following crop:

A

Canola

57
Q

Which of the following has decreased over the last 100 years in Canada:

a) Cropped land area
b) Wheat production
c) Aquaculture production
d) Number of farms
e) All of the above decreased

A

D - Number of Farms

ENVS (9 decks)

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