Chapter 1

Question 1

does the mozart effect actually work?

Answer 1

not really. There is short term spatial temporal reasoning improvements. Did not help with overall intelligence.

Question 2

Hysteria:

Answer 2

a temporary loss of cognitive or motor functions, usually as a result of emotionally upsetting experiences.

Question 3

Freud worked with hysteric patients and theorized that it could be traced to what?

Answer 3

something that happened during their childhood.

Question 4

Psychoanalytic theory:

Answer 4

an approach that emphasizes the importance of uncoscious mental processes in shaping feeling, thoughts and behaviours.

Question 5

what was the first measure of intelligence by Francis Galton?

Answer 5

anthropometric laboratory: Using reaction time difference between weights, difference between 2 lights.

Question 6

Gall created Phrenology:

Answer 6

a now discredited theory that specific mental abilities and characteristics, ranging from memory to the capacity for happiness are localized in specific regions of the brain.

Question 7

Weschler scales of intelligence:

Answer 7

had a test for infant, child and adult. Most frequently used in North America. He had a verbal scale (information, comprehension, similarities, vocabulary) and performance scale (object assembly, block design, picture arrangement, picture completion)

Question 8

what did aristotle believe in? define it?

Answer 8

empiricism- the view that all knowledge is aquired through experience

Question 9

what did William James believe in?

Answer 9

functionalism. He was inspired by charles darwin

Question 10

Psychology

Answer 10

is the scientific study of mind and behaviour

Question 11

Gestalt psychology:

Answer 11

a psychological approach that emphasizes that we often perceive the whole rather than the sum of the parts.

Question 12

what do lie detectors detect?

Answer 12

• heart rate - blood pressure - respiratory rate electro-dermal activity

Question 13

cultural psychology:

Answer 13

is the study of how cultures reflect and shape the psychological processes of their members.

Question 14

mind:

Answer 14

refers to the private inner experience of perceptions, thoughts, memories and feelings. An every flowing stream of consciousness

Question 15

why was behaviourism eventually replaced?

Answer 15

It ignored some key things such as the mental processes that had fascinated psychologists such as wundt and james and in so found itseelf unable to explain some very important pohenomena such as how children learn language. It ignored evolutionary history of the organisms it studied.

Question 16

Structuralism, functionalism and psychoanalysis are different but have what similairity?

Answer 16

each tried to understand the inner workings of the mind by examining conscious perceptions, thoughts, memories and feelings or by trying to elicit previously unconscious material all of which were reported by participants in experiments or patients in a clinical setting.

Question 17

Max Wertheimer studied Illusions: define:

Answer 17

errors of perception, memory or judgement in which subjective experience differs from objective reality.

Question 18

Functionalism-

Answer 18

the study of how mental processes enable people to adapt to their environments.

Question 19

evolutionary psychology:

Answer 19

explains mind and behaviour in terms of the adaptive value of abilites that are preserved over time by natural selection.

Question 20

Cognitive neuroscience:

Answer 20

field of study that attempts to understand the links between cognitive processes and brain activity.

Question 21

what was the problem with the army alpha and army beta test?

Answer 21

very biased to american culture

Question 22

Behaviourism: proposed by who?

Answer 22

advocated that psychologists restrict themselves to the scientific study of objectively observable behaviour. Proposed by watson.

Question 23

structuralism:

Answer 23

the analysis of the basic elements that constitute the mind.

Question 24

what are the 2 main ways to deal with anger?

Answer 24

constructive and destructive

Question 25

Social psychology:

Answer 25

is the study of the causes and cosequences of sociality

Question 26

Standford Binet:

Answer 26

Intelligence testing comes to North America. Basically translated to english same test as alfreds and is the second most frequently used test today.

Question 27

Plato argued in favor of what? Define it.

Answer 27

Nativism- the philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn.

Question 28

Mozart effect:

Answer 28

the idea that listening to classical music, and your infants listen to classical music will increase their intelligence.

Question 29

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers pioneered a new movement called what? define it.

Answer 29

Humanistic psychology: an approach to understanding human nature and emphasizes the positive potential of human beings.

Question 30

What did Alfred Binet do?

Answer 30

Mentall subnormal and normal children. He was to determine kids who performed well and not well in the classroom. We call him the father of average intelligence testing because we still do that today.

Question 31

Describe the case of Genie

Answer 31

a 13 year old girl discovered by child welfare services living in isolation in a house tied to a chair, no one talked to her and had no TLC. She had no language. She never got a language either which highlighted an importance and critical age that you need to be surrounded by language.

Question 32

computers helped creat what?

Answer 32

cognitive psychology: the scientific study of mental processes, including perception, thought, memory and reasoning.

Question 33

Bhevaioural neuroscience:

Answer 33

an approach to psychology that links psychological processes to activities in the nervous system and to other bodily processes.

Question 34

Introspection:

Answer 34

the subjective observation of ones own experience. This faded because of mis-use

Question 35

Ravens progressive matrices:

Answer 35

non-verbal measure of intelligence. Comparing patterns within objects and identifying which objects comes next in that sequence. Not used very much anymore.

Question 36

Cosciousness-

Answer 36

a persons subjective experience of the world and the mind.

Question 37

Psychoanalysis:

Answer 37

bringing unconscious material into conscious awareness to better understand psychological disorders.

Question 38

Bhevaiour:

Answer 38

refers to observable actions of human beings and nonhuman animals

Question 39

Physiology-

Answer 39

the study of biological processes, expeciall in the human body.