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Art Appreciation > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

A Roman silver or bronze coin equal to 1/4 of a denarius

A

Sesterce

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2
Q

A Roman name for the small pieces of glass, stone and other materials that go into a mosaic

A

Tessarae

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3
Q

Having one color though there may be multiple values

A

Monochromatic

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4
Q

The lightness or darkness of a color

tints have white added to them

shades have black added to them

A

Value

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5
Q

Color

A

Hue

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6
Q

The edge of a shape or form

A

Contour

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7
Q

To use one thing to represent another

especially material things to represent abstract

A

Symbolize

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8
Q

Reduced to basic parts by eliminating all but essential detail

A

Simplified

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9
Q

Art which is identifiable though the appearance of the object has been changed in someway

A

Abstract

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10
Q

The way parts of a picture are arranged

A

Composition

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11
Q

A satisfying visual equilibrium between the left and right halves of the artwork

A

Balance

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12
Q

Using the contrast of value to create an illusion of 3-D form

A

Shading

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13
Q

A movement of the body to express a thought; a line that describes that motion

A

Gesture

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14
Q

Seen from the front

A

Frontal

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15
Q

To show or emphasize differences

A

Contrast

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16
Q

A portrait that exaggerates distinctive features or peculiarities for humorous purposes

A

Caricature

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17
Q

The underground burial areas used by Christians and Jews

A

Catacombs

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18
Q

Mosaic artisans applied-and roughened the surface some more. When it dried, he applied a–

A

Plaster, second coat

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19
Q

The artist drew a-on the second layer for-purposes

A

Sketch, planning

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20
Q

Walls were built of-that had been-and-together

A

Stone, shaped, cemented

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21
Q

Why were the walls left rough?

A

So that the mosaic could stick to them

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22
Q

The artist applied a third layer in–sections and applied the colored-,-, fired-or-of-into it

A

1 foot, glass, marble, Clay, mother, pearl

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23
Q

Tessarae is usually made from

A

Sheets of colored, hardened glass, cut into many small pieces

24
Q

The artist used smaller pieces in the details like-and-and use the larger pieces to fill in-and–

A

Faces, hands, clothes, plain backgrounds

25
Q

The artist started with the-and then filled in the-

A

Contour, inside

26
Q

Designers kept-and also got many-from-books whose-he copied

A

Sketchbooks, ideas, manuscript, illustrations

27
Q

Mosaic artist often used familiar-so that he could work directly on the-without having to refer to any-

A

Stories, wall, source

28
Q

After Christ’s death, the church went through a time of

A

Persecution

29
Q

Jews harassed-, while the Romans did not-… Then the Romans started to blame-for their–problems

A

Christians, care, Christians, weakening Empire

30
Q

From 250 A.D. on, a lot of pagan thoughts became popular and Christians were

A

Executed

31
Q

Decius

A

First Roman to be killed by a foreign emperor.

He was overthrown by Constantine

32
Q

Diocletian

A

First Roman emperor to willingly resign.

He hated Christians

33
Q

Constantine

A

Issued edict of Milan, legalizing Christianity.

First emperor known to be Christian

34
Q

During the time of persecution, much art was created in the

A

Catacombs

35
Q

Christians also carved in stone caskets

A

Sarcophagi

36
Q

Also did small–and other things for-adornment

A

Portable furniture, personal

37
Q

Several groups built–, but violent mobs destroyed them under Diocletian’s rule from 303 to 311. Began when Christianity was-.

A

Christian churches, legalized

38
Q

The early church age ended when the church split into-branches

A

Two

39
Q

East a.k.a.

A

Orthodox

40
Q

West a.k.a.

A

Catholic

41
Q

The branches the church split into are called

A

East, orthodox

West, Catholic

42
Q

One of the earliest churches remains

And where

A

Santa Maria Maggiore

Rome Italy

43
Q

Where is the Santa Maria Maggiore located

A

Rome Italy

44
Q

The Santa Maria Maggiore was-between 352 and 366 A.D

A

Built

45
Q

The Santa Maria Maggiore was-between 432 and 440 A.D

A

Restored

46
Q

The Santa Maria Maggiore originally had-separate pictures showing scenes from the lives of Abraham, Jacob, Moses, and Joshua

Now?

A

42

27 still exist

47
Q

The purpose of these mosaics was

A

Instructional

like illustrations in a textbook

48
Q

Mosaics have been used since

A

3,000 BC

49
Q

What were the four qualities of art in the early church age

A

Conventionalism

Symbolism

Reserve

Joyousness

50
Q

Conventionalism

A

Work does not represent things as they are seen, but for an idea they reflect

deeper meaning

51
Q

Symbolism

A

Objects represent something abstract

example: red hearts for Valentine’s Day

52
Q

Reserve

A

Feared that a representation of God would become an idol so they use symbols instead

53
Q

Joyousness

A

Always expressed joy, even when going through hard times

example: martyrs shown lifting up hands in prayer with “in peace” written on them

54
Q

Most mosaics in early Christian churches were placed high on the wall under the

A

Clerestory windows

55
Q

Viewers saw the mosaics from-so details had to be large enough to-it from a great distance

A

Below, communicate

56
Q

In our age we need to try to use-,-,-,–, and-to communicate–just like they used mosaics

A

Art, photography, painting, computer art, videos, eternal truth

Art Appreciation (6 decks)

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