Chapter 1 Flashcards
Scientific Method
Over Hills Expertly Asking Cats Observations Hypothesis Experiment Analysis of Data Conclusions
levels of organization
subatomic particles atoms molecules macromolecules organelle cell tissue organ organ system organism
homeostasis
body’s ability to keep its internal conditions stable
10 characteristics of life
movement responsiveness growth reproduction respiration digestion absorption circulation assimilation excretion
body cavities
cranial cavity
vertebral canal
thoracic cavity
abdominopelvic cavity
serous membranes
line walls of thoracic/ abdominopelvic cavities, fold back to cover organs
serous membranes: parietal layer
covers wall of cavity
serous membranes: visceral layer
covers organ
integumentary system
covers body
skin, hair, accessory organs, sweat glands
protect underlying tissues, regulate body temperature
skeletal system
located throughout body
bone, ligaments, cartilage
protect, create blood cells,
muscular system
cover body
muscles
expands contract to power movement
nervous system
cranial cavity, vertebral canal
brain, spine, nerves, sense organs
sends impulses (action potential)
endocrine system
abdominopelvic cavity, pelvic cavity
all glands, ovaries, testes
secrete hormones, chemical messengers
cardiovascular
heart, arteries, capillaries, veins
pump forcing blood through blood vessels
lymphatic system
lymph nodes, spleen, thymus,
transport waste, protect from infection, remove pathogens
digestive system
stomach, intestines, throat, esophagus
break down food, produce hormones
respiratory system
lungs, pharynx, larynx, trachea
moves air in and out of body`
urinary system
kidneys, bladder, urethra
remove waste, maintain water / electrolyte balance
reproduction system
make offspring
uterus, scrotum
DT: superior
part is above another part
DT: inferior
part is below another part
DT: anterior
part is towards front
DT: posterior
part is towards the back
DT: medial
closer to midline (middle) of body, than another part
DT: lateral
toward side, away from midline
DT: bilateral
paired structures (one on each side)
DT: ipsilateral
structures on the same side
DT: contralateral
structures on opposite side
DT: proximal
part closer to point of attachment at trunk of body
elbow is proximal to wrist
DT: distal
part is further from point of attachment at trunk of body
wrist is distal to elbow
DT: superficial
near surface
DT: deep
describes internal parts
DT: transverse
divides body into superior/inferior portions (top/bottom)
DT: sagittal
lengthwise cut dividing body left and right, facing forward
if cut follow midline = median sagittal
DT: frontal
divides body anterior/posterior (front back), from side view
Body Quadrants
RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ
Body Regions: Line 1, Row 3
right hypochondriac region
Body Regions: Line 2, Row 3
epigastric region
Body Regions: Line 3, Row 3
left hypochondriac region
Body Regions: Line 1, Row 2
right lateral region
Body Regions: Line 2, Row 2
umbilical region
Body Regions: Line 3, Row 2
left lateral region
Body Regions: Line 1, Row 1
right inguinal region
Body Regions: Line 2, Row 1
pubic region
Body Regions: Line 3, Row 1
left inguinal region
