Chapter 1 Flashcards
A dynamic state or condition of the human organism that is multidimensional in nature, a resource for living, and results from a persons interactions with and adaptations to his or her environment; therefore, it can exist in varying degrees and is specific to each individual and his or her situation
Health
A group of people who have common characteristics; communities can be defined by location, race, ethnicity, age, occupation, interest in particular problems or outcomes, or other common bonds
Community
Actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the conditions in which people can be healthy can occur
Public Health
The organizational mechanism of those activities undertaken within the formal structure of government and the associated efforts of private and voluntary organizations and individuals
Public Health System
The health status of a defined group of people and the actions and conditions to promote, protect, and preserve their health
Community Health
The health status of people who are not organized and have no identity as a group or locality and the actions and conditions to promote, protect, and preserve their health
Population Health
Describes health problems, issues, and concerns that transcend national boundaries, may be influenced by circumstances or experiences in other countries, and are best addressed by cooperative actions and solutions
Global Health
A process through which communities are helped to identify common problems or goals, mobilize resources, and in other ways develop and implement strategies for reaching their goals they have collectively set
Community Organizing
The resistance of a population to the spread of an infectious agent based on the immunity of a high proportion of individuals
Herd Immunity
A time during the Middle Ages when the causation of communicable disease was linked to spiritual forces
Spiritual Era of Public Health
The era of public health that began in 1850 and continues today
Modern Era of Public Health
The period of 1875-1900, during which the causes of many bacterial diseases was discovered
Bacteriological Period of Public Health
The years of 1900-1960, a time of great growth in health facilities and providers
Health Resources Development Period
The years of 1900-1920, characterized by social movements to improve health conditions in cities and in the workplace
Reform Phase of Public Health
Government health insurance for older adults and those with certain disabilities
Medicare
Government health insurance for the poor
Medicaid
The threatened or intentional release or biological agents for the purpose of influencing the conduct or government or intimidating or coercing a civilian population to further political or social objectives
Bioterrorism
The difference in health among different populations
Health Disparities
The ability of the public health system, community, and individuals to prevent protect against, quickly respond to, and recover from health emergencies, particularly those in which scale, timing, or unpredictability threatens to overwhelm routine capabilities
Public Health Preparedness
The ability of the health care system to prevent, protect against, and respond quickly to, and recover from health emergencies, particularly those whose scale, timing, or unpredictability threatens to overwhelm routine capabilities
Medical Preparedness
Four factors that affect Community Health
- Physical - community size
- Social and Cultural - religion
- Community Organization
- Behaviors - exercise and diet
Five major domains that determine a persons health
- Gestational endowments
- Social circumstances
- Environmental conditions where people live and work
- Behavioral choices
- Availability of quality medical care
Cyber communities are characterized by
- Membership
- Common symbol systems
- Shared values and norms
- Mutual influence
- Shared needs and commitment to meeting them
- Shared emotional connection
Health problems America faces in the 21st century
- Health care costs
- Growing environmental concerns
- Lifestyle diseases
- Emerging and reemerging communicable diseases
- Serious substance abuse problems
- Disasters
