Chapter 1

Question 1

The study of people who suffer mental, emotional, and often physical pain (abnormal psychology)

Answer 1

psychopathology

Question 2

The view that there are no universal standards or rules for labeling a behavior abnormal; instead, behaviors can be labeled abnormal only relative to the cultural norms.

Answer 2

cultural relativism

Question 3

View abnormal behavior as similar to physical diseases, caused by the breakdown of systems in the body

Answer 3

biological theories

Question 4

View abnormal behavior as a result of divine intervention, curses, demonic possession, and personal sin.

Answer 4

supernatural theories

Question 5

View abnormal behavior as a result of traumas, such as bereavement or of chronic stress.

Answer 5

psychological theories

Question 6

The process where they drill through the skull

Answer 6

trephination

Question 7

Phenomenon in which large numbers of people engage in unusual behaviors that appear to have a psychological origin.

Answer 7

psychic epidemics

Question 8

The 18th and 19th centuries saw the growth of a more humane treatment of people with mental health problems.

Answer 8

mental hygiene movement

Question 9

A disease that leads to paralysis, insanity, and eventually death.

Answer 9

general paresis

Question 10

The study of the unconscious

Answer 10

psychoanalysis

Question 11

The study of the impact of reinforcements and punishments on behavior

Answer 11

behaviorism

Question 12

Thought processes that influence behavior and emotion

Answer 12

cognitions

Question 13

People’s beliefs about their ability to execute the behaviors necessary to control important events

Answer 13

self-efficacy beliefs

Question 14

Argued that mental patients can recover more fully or live more satisfying lives if they are integrated into the community, with the support of community-based treatment facilities

Answer 14

deinstitutionalization

Question 15

Attempted to provide coordinated mental health services to people

Answer 15

community mental health centers

Question 16

Offer people with longterm mental health problems the opportunity to live in a structured, supportive environment as they try to reestablish working relationships and ties to family and friends.

Answer 16

halfway houses

Question 17

Allow people to obtain treatment during the day along with occupational and rehabilitative therapies, but live at home at night.

Answer 17

day treatment centers

Question 18

A collection of methods for coordinating care that ranges from simple monitoring to total control over what care can be provided and paid for.

Answer 18

managed care

Question 19

group of symptoms that have a common causal mechanism, like tainted food

Answer 19

disease

Question 20

a cluster of symptoms that are largely the same, but the causal mechanism varies from person to person, like depression

Answer 20

syndrome

Question 21

not normal, average, typical, usual, and often extreme

Answer 21

abnormal

Question 22

mentally healthy

Answer 22

normal

Question 23

mentally sick

Answer 23

different

Question 24

not providing adequate or appropriate adjustment to the environment or situation

Answer 24

maladaptiveness

Question 25

The 4 D’s

Answer 25

1. Dysfunction (interfere with ones ability to function in daily life, hold jobs, or form good relationships)
2. Distress (either to themselves or others)
3. Deviance (from social norms, such as stealing, criminal history, etc.)
4. Dangerousness (behaviors that are potentially harmful to themselves or others around them)

Question 26

Pattern of cognition, emotion, behavior, and/or personality that is maladaptive

Answer 26

Mental illness/Psychiatric Disorder

Question 27

“something just seems off..”

Answer 27

The smell test

Question 28

Ancient Israel thought mental illness was…

Answer 28

punishment from God

Question 29

Ancient China thought mental illness was…

Answer 29

caused by supernatural forces (Ying and Yang imbalance)

Question 30

Ancient Egypt thought mental illness was…

Answer 30

Caused by a wandering uterus or “hysteria”

Question 31

Ancient Greece developed terms such as…

Answer 31

mania and dementia

Question 32

Hippocrates 4 Humors

Answer 32

Blood (Moodiness)
Phlegm (Fatigue)
Yellow Bile (Depression)
Black Bile (Anxiety and Aggression)

Question 33

Who started the asylum “reform”?

Answer 33

Benjamin Rush

Question 34

Who wanted to “treat people well”, get rid of chains, have good food, clothes, etc. ?

Answer 34

Phillipe Pinel

Question 35

Who believed that asylums should be places of beauty?

Answer 35

Dorthea Dix