Chapter 1&2 Flashcards

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0
Q

What are the structural zones of the biosphere? What does each of them represent?

A
  1. Lithosphere - rock part (solid)
  2. Hydrosphere - water part (liquid, frozen or vapour)
  3. Atmosphere - atmosphere part (air)
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1
Q

What is dynamic equilibrium?

A

Dynamic equilibrium is any system where changes are always occurring, and the components can adjust to changes without disturbing the whole system.

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2
Q

What are the levels of organization in the biosphere? What order are they in from least to greatest?

A

Populations, communities and ecosystems

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3
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

Biodiversity is the total number of species in an ecosystem.

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4
Q

What is the difference between biotic and abiotic?

A

Biotic is the living things in the biosphere. Abiotic is the non-living things in the biosphere.

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5
Q

What is monoculture? What is an example?

A

Monoculture is one species. Example: corn field.

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6
Q

What is an indicator species? What is an example?

A

Indicator species are species that are sensitive to changes in their environment. Example: frogs

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7
Q

What is a detritus?

A

A detritus is plant and animal waste.

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8
Q

What is ecology?

A

Ecology is the study of the relationships of organisms and their surroundings.

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9
Q

Why is a frog a good indicator species?

A

A frog is a good indicator species because they occupy two different ecosystems (tadpole to a frog) and are in two different food chains.

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10
Q

Why are frogs disappearing? List the reasons.

A
  1. Loss of habitat
  2. Air and water quality
  3. Climate change
  4. Ultraviolet radiation
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11
Q

Does energy flow or cycle?

A

Energy flows! Matter cycles but energy does not.

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12
Q

Name the tropic levels in an ecosystem.

A

1st trophic level: producers
2nd trophic level: primary consumers
3rd trophic level: secondary consumers
4th trophic level: tertiary consumers

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13
Q

What is chemosynthesis?

A

Chemosynthesis is a process where organisms convert simple molecules into more complex molecules without the sun’s energy.

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14
Q

What is a pyramid of numbers?

A

A pyramid of numbers is how many individual organisms are at each trophic level.

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15
Q

What is a pyramid of biomass?

A

A pyramid of biomass is the total dry mass of all the living things in an ecosystem.

16
Q

What is a pyramid of energy?

A

A pyramid of energy contains the amount of energy in each trophic level. About 10% of energy is passed from one trophic level to the next.