chapter 1-2-3 Flashcards
Which of the following historical findings would argue against spinal cause for paraparesis? A. Urinary incontinence B. Headache C. Sudden onset D. Absence of back pain
B. HEadache
Sarcoidosis may cause which of the following'? A. Bell's palsy B. Diabetes insipidus C. Ophthalmoplegia D. Peripheral neuropathy E. All of the above
E. All of the above
Occam’s razor, a basic logical precept, when applied to central nervous system localization,
states that multiple signs are more likely to be due to a single lesion than multiple lesions.
Which of the following disorders seem to contradict this when considering cerebral
localization?
A. ALS
B. Vasculitis
C. Cardiogenic emboli
D. Multiple sclerosis
E. None of these
E
Questions 1-4 through 1-6 present isolated historical data. On the basis of this limited
information, select the most likely diagnosis for each from the following list.
A. Multiple sclerosis
B. Sarcoidosis
C. Peripheral neuropathy
D. ALS
E. Acoustic neuroma
Numbness and burning of the feet.
C
Questions 1-4 through 1-6 present isolated historical data. On the basis of this limited
information, select the most likely diagnosis for each from the following list.
A. Multiple sclerosis
B. Sarcoidosis
C. Peripheral neuropathy
D. ALS
Multiple episodes of numbness or weakness or visual loss over years, with a duration of
days to weeks.
E. Acoustic neuroma
A
Questions 1-4 through 1-6 present isolated historical data. On the basis of this limited
information, select the most likely diagnosis for each from the following list.
A. Multiple sclerosis
B. Sarcoidosis
C. Peripheral neuropathy
D. ALS
E. Acoustic neuroma
Weak on one side and unable to hear from one ear.
E
The complaint of "blackout" refers to which elemental symptom? A. Loss of vision B. Confusion C Loss of consciousness D. Memory lapse E. Any of the above
E
Which is the least important aspect of the screening neurologic examination? A. Visual fields B. Tendon reflexes C. Olfaction D. Muscle strength E. Sensation to pin prick
C
Gastric bypass surgery can produce neurologic disturbance by virtue of which of the following disorders? A. Vitamin B12 deficiency B. Thiamine deficiency C. Vitamin E deficiency D. Riboflavin deficiency
A
A simple faint is provoked by which of the following? A. Prolonged standing B. Emotional stress C. Unpleasant visual stimuli D. Pain E. All of the above
E
Which feature suggests that the cause for an episode of loss of consciousness was a
seizure rather than cardiac or vasovagal syncope?
A. Precipitation by emotional stress
B. Confusion upon awakening
C. Twitching of the arms during the blackout
D. Weakness upon awakening
E. All of the above
B
For the following symptoms in each question, select whether the finding is most
suggestive of which cause of an episode of loss of consciousness.
A Cardiac arrhythmia
B. Vasodepressor syncope
C. Seizure
D. None of these
Provocation by emotional stress.
B
For the following symptoms in each question, select whether the finding is most
suggestive of which cause of an episode of loss of consciousness.
A Cardiac arrhythmia
B. Vasodepressor syncope
C. Seizure
D. None of these
Palpitations or fluttering in the chest.
A
For the following symptoms in each question, select whether the finding is most
suggestive of which cause of an episode of loss of consciousness.
A Cardiac arrhythmia
B. Vasodepressor syncope
C. Seizure
D. None of these
Patient with a blackout spell is found TO have a mild left hemiparesis.
C
A 71-year-old man presents with episodes of loss of consciousness associated with brief
twitching during the unconsciousness. The syncope is recurrent and provoked by shaving,
especially during shaving of the neck.
Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Seizure
B. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
C. Carotid vascular disease
D. Reflex cardiac arrhythmia
D
Which of the following can be causes of syncope?
1. Basilar migraine
2. Cervical osteoarthritis
3. Subclavian steal
4. Carotid occlusive disease
Select: A = 1, 2. 3. B = I, 3. C = 2,4. C = 4 only. E = All
E
Which of the following statements are true regarding micturition syncope?
1. Most common in men
2. Exacerbated by ethanol use
3. Usually nocturnal
4. Associated with supraventricular tachycardia
Select: A= 1,2, 3. B = 1, 3. C = 2, 4. D = 4 only. E = All
A
A 24-year-old female presents with syncope preceded by lightheadedness she has loss of
consciousness without any motor activity. Which studies are indicated for evaluation?
1. CBC
2. ECG
3. Echocardiogram
4. EEC
Select A = 1, 2, 3. B = i, 3. C = 2, 4. D = 4 only. E = All
A
The following questions present brief vignettes. For each, select the correct diagnosis from the fallowing list. A. Absence seizure B. Complex partial seizure C. Both D. Neither
24-year-old man with episodes of loss of consciousness without loss of posture, followed
by several minutes of confusion.
B
The following questions present brief vignettes. For each, select the correct diagnosis from the fallowing list. A. Absence seizure B. Complex partial seizure C. Both D. Neither
16-year-old female with episodes of loss of responsiveness for a few seconds without loss
of posture. Normal function immediately following the episode.
A
The following questions present brief vignettes. For each, select the correct diagnosis from the fallowing list. A. Absence seizure B. Complex partial seizure C. Both D. Neither
Automatisms are present during the seizure.
C
Which of the following features suggests pseudoseizure (nonepileptic seizure).
1. Occur solely or exclusively in sleep
2. Pelvic thrusting is common
3. Urinary incontinence is common
4. May be precipitated by photic stimulation or hyperventilation
Select A = 1, 2, 3. B =1, 3. C = 2, 4. D = 4 only. E = All
C
Breath-holding spells are differentiated from seizures by which of the following features?
A. Breath-holding spells occur several times per day whereas seizures are usually
less common
B. Clonic activity is seen only with epilepsy and not with breath-holding spells
C. Breath-holding spells occur without provocation, whereas epilepsy is frequently
startle induced
D. Incontinence is only seen with epilepsy and not with breath-holding spells
E. All of the above
A
Which of the following can cause episodic loss of consciousness? A. Aqueductal stenosis B. Colloid cyst of the third ventricle C. Chiari malformation D. Increased intracranial pressure E. All of the above
E