Chapter 1 & 2

Question 1

pharmacodynamics

Answer 1

study of a drug’s mechanism of action and its biological and physiological effects

Question 2

controlled substances

Answer 2

drugs considered dangerous because of their potential for human abuse or misuse

Question 3

pharmacokinetics

Answer 3

study of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of drugs

Question 4

over-the-counter drugs

Answer 4

drugs that can be purchased without a prescription

Question 5

pharmacotherapy

Answer 5

treatment of diseases with medicines

Question 6

prescription drugs

Answer 6

drugs that can be obtained only through a veterinarian or via a prescription

Question 7

extra-label drugs

Answer 7

drugs used in a manner not specifically described on the FDA-approved label

Question 8

FARAD

Answer 8

computer-based system containing information on how to avoid drug, pesticide, and environmental contaminant residue problems

Question 9

FDA’s CVM

Answer 9

agency that ensures that approved veterinary medicines are relatively safe for animals

Question 10

Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act of 1994

Answer 10

law that allows extra-label use of a drug under certain conditions

Question 11

NADA

Answer 11

new animal drug application

Question 12

FDA

Answer 12

government agency that develops and approves drugs

Question 13

EPA

Answer 13

government agency that develops and approves topical pesticides

Question 14

USDA

Answer 14

government agency that develops and approves biologics such as vaccines and antitoxins

Question 15

INAD

Answer 15

investigational new animal drug

Question 16

clinical trials

Answer 16

studies conducted in the target species that are done to prove that the drug is safe and effective in that species

Question 17

preclinical studies

Answer 17

series of tests performed on laboratory animals to determine safety and effectiveness of the drug

Question 18

therapeutic index

Answer 18

the relationship between the lethal drug dosage and the dosage that produces the desired effect with minimal or no signs of toxicity

Question 19

systems-oriented screen

Answer 19

test of a drug’s effect on a particular physiological system

Question 20

effective dose

Answer 20

dose that produces desired effect in 50% of animals that receive it

Question 21

pharmacogenetics

Answer 21

branch of pharmacology that studies variation in drug response and/or drug behavior based on an individual’s genetic makeup

Question 22

pharmacogenomics

Answer 22

study of the impact of genetic variation on drug effects and involves studying the whole genome

Question 23

teletriage

Answer 23

service that provides appropriate, safe, and timely assessment and management of patients through electronic communication with owners

Question 24

telemonitoring

Answer 24

service provided using remote monitoring of patients at a different location than the vet

Question 25

stages of drug development

Answer 25

1. synthesis/discovery
2. safety/effectiveness evaluation
3. submission and review of the NADA
4. post-marketing surveillance

Question 26

post-approval monitoring

Answer 26

company and government monitor the product as long as the drug is manufactured