Chapter 1 & 2 Flashcards
pharmacodynamics
study of a drug’s mechanism of action and its biological and physiological effects
controlled substances
drugs considered dangerous because of their potential for human abuse or misuse
pharmacokinetics
study of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of drugs
over-the-counter drugs
drugs that can be purchased without a prescription
pharmacotherapy
treatment of diseases with medicines
prescription drugs
drugs that can be obtained only through a veterinarian or via a prescription
extra-label drugs
drugs used in a manner not specifically described on the FDA-approved label
FARAD
computer-based system containing information on how to avoid drug, pesticide, and environmental contaminant residue problems
FDA’s CVM
agency that ensures that approved veterinary medicines are relatively safe for animals
Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act of 1994
law that allows extra-label use of a drug under certain conditions
NADA
new animal drug application
FDA
government agency that develops and approves drugs
EPA
government agency that develops and approves topical pesticides
USDA
government agency that develops and approves biologics such as vaccines and antitoxins
INAD
investigational new animal drug
clinical trials
studies conducted in the target species that are done to prove that the drug is safe and effective in that species
preclinical studies
series of tests performed on laboratory animals to determine safety and effectiveness of the drug
therapeutic index
the relationship between the lethal drug dosage and the dosage that produces the desired effect with minimal or no signs of toxicity
systems-oriented screen
test of a drug’s effect on a particular physiological system
effective dose
dose that produces desired effect in 50% of animals that receive it
pharmacogenetics
branch of pharmacology that studies variation in drug response and/or drug behavior based on an individual’s genetic makeup
pharmacogenomics
study of the impact of genetic variation on drug effects and involves studying the whole genome
teletriage
service that provides appropriate, safe, and timely assessment and management of patients through electronic communication with owners
telemonitoring
service provided using remote monitoring of patients at a different location than the vet
stages of drug development
- synthesis/discovery
- safety/effectiveness evaluation
- submission and review of the NADA
- post-marketing surveillance
post-approval monitoring
company and government monitor the product as long as the drug is manufactured
