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Science Yr 9 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are all materials made of?

A

Atoms

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2
Q

How many atoms are known?

A

118

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3
Q

How many atoms are found on Earth naturally?

A

98

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4
Q

What are chemical symbols?

A

1 or 2 letters given to an atom

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5
Q

How are substances formed?

A

When atoms bond

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6
Q

What type of substances do atoms form?

A

Molecules or lattices

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7
Q

What is the structure of molecules?

A

Clusters

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8
Q

What is the structure of lattices?

A

Large, grid-like structures

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9
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance made up of only one type of atom

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10
Q

What is a compound?

A

A substance made up of different types of atoms

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11
Q

What are atoms made of?

A

Protons, electrons and neutrons

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12
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

The number of protons in an atom. Determines the type of atom and what element it belongs to

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13
Q

What is the mass number?

A

The number of protons plus neutrons

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14
Q

T or F? The number of electrons surrounding the nucleus is equal to the number of protons.

A

T

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15
Q

What are ions?

A

Atoms that have lost or gained electrons

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16
Q

What are cations?

A

An atom that loses electrons

17
Q

What is an anion?

A

When an atom gains electrons

18
Q

What are the 3 groups of elements?

A

Metals, non-metals and metalloids

19
Q

What are the properties of metal?

A

Mettalic luster, good conductors, malleable and ductile, melt at high temperatures and except mercury and gallium) and are solid at room temperature

20
Q

What are the properties of non-metals?

A

Dull, are brittle, cannot be bent into shape, poor conductors and melt at low temperatures

21
Q

What are metalloids?

A

Elements that have features of both metals and non-metals

22
Q

What is an alloy?

A

A metal combined with small amounts of other elements as a mixture, making it better

23
Q

What are examples of alloys?

A

Steel, bronze, brass

24
Q

What is steel a mixture of?

A

Iron and small amounts of carbon

25
Q

What is stainless steel a mixture of?

A

Chromium and nickel

26
Q

How do new materials help social needs?

A

Work and income. Gives an advantage, bringing in more money

27
Q

How do new materials help ethical needs needs?

A

Artificial limbs and joints, mesh sleeves made from Nitinol

28
Q

How do new materials help environmental needs?

A

If aterials are better for the environment`

29
Q

How does teflon work?

A

Carbon and fluorine atoms stick to each other, but not to food or other substances. Roughing the pan surface helps Teflon stick to it.

30
Q

What are polymers?

A

Molecules made up of repeating units called monomers

31
Q

What are the two types of polymers?

A

Naturally occuring and synthetic

32
Q
A

Science Yr 9 (9 decks)

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