Chapter 1 Flashcards
Psychology
The scientific study of mind and behaviour
Philosophical Dualism
The view that mind and body are fundamentally different things
Philosophical Materialism
The view that all mental phenomena are reducible to physical phenomena
Philosophical Realism
The view that our perceptions of the physical world are a faithful copy of information from the world that enters out brains through our sensory apparatus
Philosophical Idealism
The view that our perceptions of the physical world are our brains best interpretation of the information that enters through our sensory apparatus
Philosophical Empiricism
The view that all knowledge is acquired through experience
Philosophical Nativism
The view that some knowledge is innate rather than acquired
Reaction Time
The amount of time between the onset of a stimulus and a persons response to that stimulus
Structurlism
An approach to psychology that attempted to isolate and analyze the minds basic elements
INtrospection
The analysis of subjective experience by trained observers
Functionalism
An approach to psychology that emphasized the adaptive significance of mental processes
NAtural Selection
The process by which the specific attributes that promote an organisms survival and reproduction become more prevalent in the population over time
Hysteria
A loss of function that has no obvious physical origin
Unconscious
The part of the mind that contains information of which people are not aware
Psychoanalytic Theory
A general theory that emphasizes the influence of the unconscious on feelings, thoughts and behaviours
Psychoanalysis
A therapy that aims to give people insight into the contents of their unconscious minds
Behaviourism
An approach to psychology that restricts scientific inquiry to observable behaviour
Principle of Reinforcement
A principle stating that any behaviour that is rewarded will be repeated and any behaviour that isn’t rewarded wont be repeated
Gestaky Psychology
An approach to psychology that emphasized the way in which the mind created perpetual experience
Developmental Psychology
The study of the ways in which psychological phenomena change over the life span
Social Psychology
The study of the causes and consequences of sociality
Cognitive Psychology
The study of human information processing
Evolutionary Psychology
The study of the ways in which the human mind has been shaped by natural selection
Cognitive Neuroscience
The study of the relationship between the brain and the mind
Behavioural Neuroscience
The study of the relationship between the brain and behaviour
Cultural Psychology
THe study of how culture influences mental life
