chapter 1

Question 1

Organization

Answer 1

is a consciously managed and coordinated social entity with an identifiable
boundary, which functions on a continuous basis to achieve a set of goals

Question 2

Managed and coordinated

Answer 2

involving management hierarchy in decision-making

Question 3

Social entity

Answer 3

people interacting with each other

Question 4

Identifiable boundary

Answer 4

distinguishing members from non-members

Question 5

interaction patterns

Answer 5

have to be coordinated and the results of that interaction have to be monitoring

Question 6

Organizational structure

Answer 6

the degree of complexity, formalization and centralization in an
organization

Question 7

complexity

Answer 7

means the extent of differentiation within the organization, includes the
degree of specialization and division of labour

Question 8

formalisation

Answer 8

means the degree to which an organisation relies on rules and
procedures to direct the behaviour of employees

Question 9

centralization

Answer 9

eans where the responsibility for decision-making authority lies

Question 10

centralized

Answer 10

just a few executives, or even one person, make the relevant
decisions

Question 11

decentralized

Answer 11

a greater number of people are involved in decision-making

Question 12

Organization Theory

Answer 12

he discipline that studies the structure and design of organization

Question 13

Organization design

Answer 13

the construction and change of an organization structure to achieve
the goals

Question 14

Organisational behaviour

Answer 14

the study of the way in which individuals and teams behave in
the workplace

Question 15

System

Answer 15

a set of interrelated and interdependent parts which interact to produce a unified
outcome

Question 16

closed system

Answer 16

is self-contained system that has no interaction with its environment

Question 17

do closed system exist

Answer 17

Doesn’t exist solely closed-system organization apart from utopian communities or self-
contained religious groups. Even those are only temporarily closed

Question 18

open system

Answer 18

is a dynamic system that interacts with and responds to the
environment

Question 19

Characteristics of an open system:

Answer 19

environment awareness means that the organization constantly interacts with its
environment
- feedback means that the system adjust to information from the environment
- cyclical character (consists of cycles of events)
- tendency towards growth
- steady state means that the system is unchanged over long periods of time
- movements towards growth and expansion (sophisticated system)
- subparts are in balance and able to adapt to the environment
- equifinality is the ability to reach the same state by a variety of paths

Question 20

Organizational life cycle

Answer 20

the pattern of predictable change through which the organization
moves from start-up to dissolution

Question 21

Life cycle stages:

Answer 21

Entrepreneurial stage
Collectivity stage
Formalization-and-control stage
Elaboration-of-structure stage
Decline stage

Question 22

Entrepreneurial stage

Answer 22

uncertain goals
- high creativity and managerial input
- maintaining a steady supply of resources such as capital and labour

Question 23

Collectivity stage

Answer 23

he stage continues the innovation of earlier stage
- organization’s mission is clarified
- communication and structure within the organization remain informal
- high commitment, long hours of work

Question 24

Formalization-and-control stage:

Answer 24

stabilization of the operation of the organization
- formal rules and procedures are introduced
- decision-making is clarified
- efficiency and stability become more important

Question 25

Elaboration-of-structure stage

Answer 25

reaching a large size and bureaucracy
- searching for new products and growth opportunities
- structure becomes more complex and elaborated
- decision-making is decentralized

Question 26

Decline stage:

Answer 26

demand for its products or services shrinking
- new opportunities searching
- conflict promoted by shortage of resources and disagreements over strategy
- making decisions become more centralized
- the organization ceases to exist

Question 27

positivism

Answer 27

an assumption that the world may be known and improved by extending
knowledge through research

Question 28

normative

Answer 28

developing theories which may be applied across a wide range of
situations

Question 29

critical theory

Answer 29

managers are not needed, only exploit an approach to studying organizations which concentrates on their
perceived shortcomings and deficiencies

Question 30

postmodernism

Answer 30

an approach to studying organizations which emerged from
European philosophical origins and rejects traditional approaches to studying
organizations, wprůld cannot be understand though science

Question 31

what does the org structure define

Answer 31

allocation of tasks, authority, level of responsibility

Question 32

organisations personality

Answer 32

culture

Question 33

what does organisational theory unit analyse

Answer 33

departments, divisions, behaviour

Question 34

biological metaphor

Answer 34

org is not physical, complex phenomena

Question 35

systems perspective

Answer 35

interacts with environment in continuous cycles of events

Question 36

differentiated and integration

Answer 36

differentiated into different departments, but at the same time coordination, need to maintain unity

Question 37

can open system close

Answer 37

yes, due to privatisation, changes in the environment, deregulations

Question 38

systems perspective

Answer 38

The systems perspective is a theory that describes studying how a system works as a whole within its environment.

Question 39

how do marketers view life cycle

Answer 39

birth, growth, maturity, death

Question 40

the generation of knowledge

Answer 40

challenged the claim that science is objective, falsely promotes that you can know the world from science

Question 41

what can the cycle tell us

Answer 41

encourages to view org as a dynamic entity, evolves and changes

Question 42

postmodernism figures

Answer 42

Wittgenstein, Leotard, Foucault, Derrida

Question 43

postmodernism and power

Answer 43

view power as being abused, language, elite has power exercise of power

Question 44

what role does language play in org

Answer 44

relationship within the org

Question 45

promotion of political?

Answer 45

political agenda, elites. power, dominant

Question 46

how did the postmodernist view the world

Answer 46

being divided into oppressed and oppressor