chapter 1

Question 1

define physiology

Answer 1

The study of the normal functioning of living organism and it’s component parts, including chemical and physical processes

Question 2

list the levels of organization (atom->molecules -10)

Answer 2

• atoms
• molecules
• cells
• tissue
• organs
• organ systems
• organisms
• population of species
• ecosystems of species
• biosphere

Question 3

name the 10 organ systems

Answer 3

• circulatory
• endocrine
• immune
• integumentary
• musculoskeletal
• nervous
• respiratory
• digestive
• urinary
• reproductive

Question 4

function/components of circulatory system

Answer 4

• transport materials between cells throughout body
• heart, blood, and blood vessels

Question 5

function/components of endocrine system

Answer 5

• coordination of body through synthesis and release of regulatory molecules (hormones)
• thyroid and adrenal gland

Question 6

function/components of immune system

Answer 6

• defense against foreign invaders
• thymus, spleen, lymph nodes

Question 7

function/components of integumentary system

Answer 7

• protection from external environment
• skin

Question 8

function/components of musculoskeletal system

Answer 8

• support and movement
• skeletal muscle and bones

Question 9

function/components of nervous system

Answer 9

• coordination of body function through electrical signals and release of regulatory molecules
• brain and spinal cord

Question 10

function/components of respiratory system

Answer 10

• exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between internal and external environments
• lungs and airways

Question 11

function/components of digestive system

Answer 11

• conversion of food into particles that can be transported into the body and elimination of waste
• stomach, intestines, liver and pancreas

Question 12

function/components of urinary system

Answer 12

• maitence of water and solutes in the internal environment; waster removal
• kidney and bladder

Question 13

function/components of reproductive

Answer 13

-perpetuation of species
- ovaries, uterus and testes

Question 14

what are the four major themes of physiology

Answer 14

• structure and function are closely related
• living organisms need energy
• information flow coordinated body function
• homeostasis maintain internal stability

Question 15

define and give an example of structure and function being closely related

Question 16

define and give an example of living organisms need energy

Question 17

define and give an example of information flow coordinates body function

Question 18

define and give an example of homeostasis maintains internal stability

Question 19

define homeostasis

Question 20

what happens if homeostasis fails

Question 21

what are the two major compartments of the human body - describe them

Question 22

what is mass balance

Question 23

how does mass balance apply to the bodies load of a substance

Question 24

define equilibrium

Question 25

define steady state

Question 26

what are 3 components of a control system

Question 27

what is an example of a control system

Question 28

what is the relationship between regulated variable and it’s set point

Question 29

what is negative feedback - give example

Question 30

what is positive feedback - give example

Question 31

what is feedforward control - give example