chapter 1 Flashcards
define physiology
The study of the normal functioning of living organism and it’s component parts, including chemical and physical processes
list the levels of organization (atom->molecules -10)
- atoms
- molecules
- cells
- tissue
- organs
- organ systems
- organisms
- population of species
- ecosystems of species
- biosphere
name the 10 organ systems
- circulatory
- endocrine
- immune
- integumentary
- musculoskeletal
- nervous
- respiratory
- digestive
- urinary
- reproductive
function/components of circulatory system
- transport materials between cells throughout body
- heart, blood, and blood vessels
function/components of endocrine system
- coordination of body through synthesis and release of regulatory molecules (hormones)
- thyroid and adrenal gland
function/components of immune system
- defense against foreign invaders
- thymus, spleen, lymph nodes
function/components of integumentary system
- protection from external environment
- skin
function/components of musculoskeletal system
- support and movement
- skeletal muscle and bones
function/components of nervous system
- coordination of body function through electrical signals and release of regulatory molecules
- brain and spinal cord
function/components of respiratory system
- exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between internal and external environments
- lungs and airways
function/components of digestive system
- conversion of food into particles that can be transported into the body and elimination of waste
- stomach, intestines, liver and pancreas
function/components of urinary system
- maitence of water and solutes in the internal environment; waster removal
- kidney and bladder
function/components of reproductive
-perpetuation of species
- ovaries, uterus and testes
what are the four major themes of physiology
- structure and function are closely related
- living organisms need energy
- information flow coordinated body function
- homeostasis maintain internal stability
define and give an example of structure and function being closely related
define and give an example of living organisms need energy
define and give an example of information flow coordinates body function
define and give an example of homeostasis maintains internal stability
define homeostasis
what happens if homeostasis fails
what are the two major compartments of the human body - describe them
what is mass balance
how does mass balance apply to the bodies load of a substance
define equilibrium
define steady state
what are 3 components of a control system
what is an example of a control system
what is the relationship between regulated variable and it’s set point
what is negative feedback - give example
what is positive feedback - give example
what is feedforward control - give example
