Chapter 1 Flashcards
pathogen
causes diseases
What are some of the roles microorganisms play in our lives?
They participate in photosynthesis, and break down waste
How are microorganisms named?
They have two names: genus (capitalized) and species {lowercase}
eukaryotic cells
multicellular, DNA found in an enclosed nucleus, membrane bound organelles, plant/animal cells, multicellular
prokaryotic cells
no membrane bound nucleus, no membrane bound organelles
bacillus
rod-like
coccus
spherical
spiral
curved or corkscrew
Are viruses considered to be living or non-living? Why?
Non-living. Because it can’t reproduce
Who was the first to observe cells and give them their name?
Robert Hooke
Biogenesis
living cells that can only come out of other living cells
Review the S-neck flask experiment. Who did it? What did it prove?
Louis Pasteur. proved that spontaneous generation was false
What is Robert Koch credited with?
discovered trying to find causes of specific disease by using Koch’s Postulates
What are Koch’s Postulates? When are they used? Why are they important?
Koch’s postulated is a sequence of steps for relating microbes to a specific disease. You would use it when you are trying to identify a cause of a specific disease. They are important because they help find causes to specific diseases
What was Edward Jenner? What did he do?
Edward Jenner showed that cowpox could give people immunity to smallpox. When then invented vaccination.
What field studies fungal infections?
mycology
Immunity
protection from disease provided by vaccination
What is normal microbiota? Where do we find normal microbiota? Where is it not found?
Microbes that live both on and inside the body. On and inside the body. It’s not normal microbiota if it’s in the wrong place
Emerging Infectious Diseases
new diseases and disease increasing in incident
infectious diseases
disease that results when a pathogen invades the host and overcome the host’s resitance
Factors of emerging diseases
- evolutionary changes such as anitbiotic resistance
- modern transportation enabling rapid dispersal of all diseases
- increased human exposure to infectious agents due to deforestation and construction
Ebola Virus
causes fever, hemorrhaging, and blood clots
Avian Influenza
AKA Bird flu. in waterfowl and poultry. no human to human transmission
H1N1 Influenza
AKA swine flu. started in pigs and is a seasonal flu virus
Some examples of EID
Avian influenza, ebola virus, and H1N1 Influenza
