Chapter 1

Question 1

Atomic number

Answer 1

Z, number of protons

Question 2

Mass number

Answer 2

A, sum of protons and neutrons

Question 3

isotopes

Answer 3

same atomic number, different masses (different number of neutrons)

Question 4

atomic mass

Answer 4

equal to mass number in amu

Question 5

atomic weight

Answer 5

weighted average of isotopes

mass of 1 mole in grams

Question 6

avadagros number

Answer 6

1 mole, number of things

6.022 x 10 ^23

Question 7

Rutherford

Answer 7

atoms have dense, positive nucleus

Question 8

quanta

Answer 8

bundles of energy emitted as electromagnetic radiation from matter

Question 9

energy of quanta equation

Answer 9

E= hf

h is constant= 6.626 x 10^ -34

Question 10

Bohr

Answer 10

atoms is central protons with electrons in orbit

force is electrostatics between protons and electrons

Question 11

angular momentum equation

Answer 11

L= nH/2pi

n is principal quantum number

Question 12

energy of electron equation

Answer 12

E= -RH/ n squared

R= 2.18 x 10^-18 J/e

energy increases farther out from nucleus

Question 13

atomic emission energy

Answer 13

E= hc/ wavelength

c= 3x 10 ^8

Question 14

line spectrum

Answer 14

emit fluorescence when moving from excited to ground

Question 15

Energy level tansition

Answer 15

E= Hc/ wavelength
= Rh (1/ni^2 - 1/nf^2

energy emitted is energy difference between initial and final energy

Question 16

absorption spectra

Answer 16

from exciting electrons at specific wavelength

Question 17

orbitals

Answer 17

electrons move rapidly around these regions of space

Question 18

heisenberg uncertainty principle

Answer 18

cant determine electron momentum and position together

Question 19

pauli exclusion

Answer 19

no 2 electrons can have same set of 4 quantum numbers

Question 20

quantum numbers

Answer 20

n, l, ml, ms

Question 21

principal quantum number

Answer 21

n, positive integer, larger means higher energy level and shell radius

Question 22

max electrons in shell

Answer 22

2n squared

Question 23

azimuthal quantum number

Answer 23

l, angular momentum, shape and number of subshells

from 0 to n-1

0=s 1=p 2=d 3=f

Question 24

max number of electrons in subshell

Answer 24

4l +2

Question 25

magnetic quantum number

Answer 25

ml, where electrons are likely found, orbital holds 2 electrons

from -l to l
s is sphere and p is dumbbell

Question 26

spin quantum number

Answer 26

ms, - or + 1/2

orbitals have paired spin

Question 27

configuration

Answer 27

pattern in which subshells are filled

first number is n

letter is subshell

superscript is number of electrons in subshell

Question 28

afbau principle

Answer 28

electrons fill low to high energy subshell and fill completely before next

Question 29

N+ L rule

Answer 29

shows rank of highest energy

Question 30

hunds rule

Answer 30

fill orbitals to have max number of half filled orbitals with parallel spin

if all have full- its lower E and stable

Question 31

exceptions to configurations

Answer 31

chromium has s1,d5

copper has s1 d10

Question 32

paramagnetic

Answer 32

magnetic field causes parallel spins in unpaired electrons, causes align and attraction to magnetic field

Question 33

diamagnetic

Answer 33

only paired electrons, slightly repelled by magnetic field