Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of information does light provide?

(vehicles)

A

The direction of vehicles and the time of day

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2
Q

Light is essentially composed of near _______ that travel as ___

A

Near weightless particles that travel as waves

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3
Q

How can we use the wavelength of a light paricle to describe it?

Blue = ?

Red = ?

A

Blue = shorter wavelength= more energy of the photon

Red= longer wavelength = less energy of the photon

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4
Q

Animals reflect different amounts of light based on _____

A

How much energy they absorb

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5
Q

Why is grass green?

A

It reflects green light and absorbs all other colors

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6
Q

The reason for light interaction is the presence of?

A

Of light absorbing pigment in cells

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7
Q

What makes carrots orange?

A

Beta caratine

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8
Q

We have light receptors in the ____ of our eyes. After absorbing light, signal is sent by the ____ nerve to the brain where it can be interpreted.

A

Retina

Optic nerve

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9
Q

What are opsins? Where are they located? and what is their function (3)?

A

What: proteins

Where: in the retina (membrane of your eye)

Function: -absorbs light

  • proteins change shape + send signal to the brain
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10
Q

What are colorblind individuals missing?

A

One or more opsin genes

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11
Q

What does the Chlamydomonas cell’s eye spot allow it to do?

A

It allows the cells to move in response to light

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12
Q

Planaria:

1) What does its eye do?
2) What does the shape of the eye allow?

A

1) It detects light and sends signals to its cerebral ganglion
2) It allows both intensity and direction of the light to be assesed

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13
Q

Deer Fly:

1) What does it do?
2) What is this type of eye good at detecting?
3) What is this type of eye NOT good at detecting?

A

1) Connects many individual eyes to the nervous system
2) Good at detecting movement
3) NOT good at seeing fine detail

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14
Q

Octopus:

1) what type of lens does it have?
2) What are some disadvantages of this eye?

A

1) has a single lens eye
2) No color vision, and only a simple brain to interpret the input

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15
Q

Which type of eye is very similar to the human eye?

A

The Octopus

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16
Q

Tarsier:

1) eyes are ___ x more sensitive to light then the human eye
2) What is the trade off? They can’t … (3)

A

1) 100 times
2) they can see 100x better in the dark

They can’t see color

They can’t see well during the day

17
Q

Mecian Cave Fish:

What are the two types?

How long did this process take?

A

1) Lives above ground - has eyes
2) Lives in dark caves - lost the gene for eye development because it was not needed

Took about 10 000 years