Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Positioning I (radt 131) > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

0
Q

How structures of the human body function

A

Physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

The science of the structure of the human body

A

Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The lowest level of organization in the human body

A

Chemical level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

All chemicals necessary for maintaining life are composed of

A

Atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Atoms join together to form what

A

Molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Various chemicals in the form of molecules band together to form what

A

Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Basic structural and functional unit of the human body

A

Cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Groups of similar cells that perform a specific function

A

Tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Four types of tissues

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Covers internal and external surfaces of the body including linings of vessels and organs

A

Epithelial tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Supportive tissues that bind together and support various structures

A

Connective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tissues that make up the substance of a muscle

A

Muscular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tissues that make up the substance of nerves and nerve centers

A

Nervous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Perform a specific function for the human body

A

Organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Consists of organs that perform a common or related function

A

System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Systems of the body

A 
Skeletal 
Circulatory
Digestive
Respiratory 
Urinary
Reproductive
Nervous
Muscular
Endocrine 
Integumentary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Composed of cardiovascular organs which include the heart, blood, blood vessels, the lymphatic system, lymph nodes, lymph vessels, and lymph glands

A

Circulatory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Support and protect the body
Allow movement by working along with muscles
Produce blood cells
Stores calcium

A

4 Functions of the skeletal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Another name for the digestive system

A

Alimentary canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Distributes O2 and nutrients to cells
Carries cell waste and CO2 from cells
Transports H2O, electrolytes, hormones, and enzymes
Prevents hemorrhaging by forming blood clots
Protects against disease
Helps regulate body temp

A

6 Functions of the Circulatory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Prepares food for absorption by cells through chemical and physical breakdown process
Eliminates solid waste

A

2 Functions of the digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

composed of mouth-anus

A

digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

made up of two lungs, nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchial tree

A

respiratory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

supplies O2 in the blood
eliminates CO2 in the blood
assists in regulating acid-base balance of blood

A

3 functions of the respiratory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

produces, collects, and eliminates urine

A

urinary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

regulates chemical composition of blood
eliminates many waste products
regulates fluid and electrolyte balance and volume
maintains acid base balance of body

A

4 functions of the urinary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

produce offspring, in other words reproduce itself

A

function of the reproductive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

male reproductive organs

A

testes, vas deferens, prostate and penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

female reproductive organs

A

ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

composed of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia, and special sense organs such as eyes and ears

A

Nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

regulate body activities with electrical impulses which travel along nerves

A

function of the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

three types of muscular tissue that make up the muscular system

A

visceral
skeletal
cardiac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

smooth and involuntary muscle located in the walls of hollow organs

A

visceral muscle tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

composed of most of the body’s muscle mass (43%) striated and under voluntary control

A

skeletal muscle tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

found only in the heart

A

cardiac muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

allows movement
maintains posture
produces heat

A

3 functions of the muscular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

includes the ductless glands of the body such as: testes, ovaries, pancreas, adrenals, thymus, thyroid, parathyroids, pineal, and pituitary.

A

Endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

regulates body activity by release of hormones through the bloodstream

A

function of the endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

composed of the skin and all structures derived from it including hair, nails, sweat, and oil glands.

A

Integumentary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Regulates body tem
protects the body
receives stimulus
eliminates waste through persperation

A

4 functions of the integumentary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

the study of bones

A

osteology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

study of joints

A

arthrology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

the adult body is composed of how many bones

A

206

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

the human skeleton is divided into what two parts

A

axial and appendicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

composed of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum

A

axial skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

how many bones make up the axial skeleton

A

80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

composed of upper and lower limbs, the shoulders, and the pelvic girdles

A

appendicular skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

how many bones make up the appendicular skeleton

A

126

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What type of bone is the patella considered

A

sesamoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

classification of bones

A

long bones
short bones
flat bones
irregular bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

consist of a body and 2 ends, only found on appendicular skeleton

A

Long bones i.e humerus, tibia, femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

cuboidal and short shaped bones

A

short bones i.e. wrist bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

consist of 2 plates of compact bone w/ spongy center

A

flat bones i.e. scapula, sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

peculiar shaped, all other bones

A

irregular bones i.e. facial bones, vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

the process by which bones from in the body

A

ossification

56
Q

the primary center of ossification in bones

A

Diaphysis

57
Q

the secondary center at which bones form

A

epiphysis

58
Q

found between the epiphysis and the diaphysis until the skeletal growth is complete

A

Epiphyseal plate

59
Q

age at which full physical maturity is reached

A

25 years old

60
Q

Classification of joints

A

functional
structural
synovial

61
Q

classified by mobility or lack of mobility in joints

A

functional joints

62
Q

3 common types of functional joints

A

Synarthrosis
amphiarthrosis
diarthrosis

63
Q

immovable functional joint

A

synarthrosis

64
Q

functional joint with limited movement

A

amphiarthrosis

65
Q

freely moveable functional joint

A

diarthrosis

66
Q

classified by the type of tissue that seperates the ends of the bones

A

Structural joint

67
Q

two types of structural joints

A

fibrous joints

cartilaginous joints

68
Q

these types of structural joints lack a joint cavity and are held together by fibrous connective tissue

A

fibrous joints

69
Q

syndesmoses joint (distal tib/fib joint)
sutures of the skull
Gomphosis - teeth

A

fibrous joints

70
Q

structural joint held together by cartilage

A

cartilaginous joints

71
Q

Sympheses-such as the pubic symphisis

synchondroses-a temporary from of a joint such as a epiphyseal plate

A

cartilaginous joints

72
Q

found in bone and helps you form blood cells

A

red marrow

73
Q

freely moveable joints characterized by a fibrous capsule containing synovial fluid

A

synovial joints

74
Q

7 movements of synovial joints

A 
plane(gliding)
ginglymus(hinge)
trochoid(pivot)
ellipsoid(condyloid)
sellar(saddle)
spheroid(ball and socket)
bicondylar
75
Q

sliding or gliding motion: which include intermetacarpal, carpometacarpal, and intercarpal joints of the hand and wrist

A

Plane (gliding) joints

76
Q

permit flexion and extension: which include interphalangeal joints of the fingers and toe, the knee, ankle, and elbow joints

A

Ginglymus(hinge) joints

77
Q

provide rotational movements: parts include proximal and distal radioulnar joints, and C1 and C2 vertebrae

A

trochoid (pivot) joints

78
Q

another name for the C1 vertebra

A

altas

79
Q

another name for the C2 vertebra

A

axis

80
Q

provides flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction: parts include the wrist

A

ellipsoid(condyloid)joints

81
Q

provides flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction: parts include the thumb

A

Sellar(saddle) joints

82
Q

greatest freedom of motion. provides flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction, medial, and lateral rotation: part include the hip and shoulder joints

A

spheroid(ball and socket) joint

83
Q

usually provide motion in a single direction such as a knee or TMJ

A

bicondylar joints

84
Q

a term that describes the patient’s general physical position such as supine, erect, prone, recumbent

A

position

85
Q

refers to the path of the central ray (CR) projecting an image onto an image receptor(IR).

A

projection

86
Q

this is only in reference to the discussion of a radiograph

A

view

87
Q

a film containing a processed image of an anatomic part of a patient as produced by the action of x-rays on an image receptor(IR) - END RESULT

A

Radiograph

88
Q

the production of radiographic images

A

radiography

89
Q

positions the patient, takes the images, set techniques and help the radiologist perform procedures

A

radiographer (what we will be)

90
Q

the doctor who interprets the radiographs that you have taken of a patient.

A

radiologist

91
Q 
positioning the body part and CR alignment
select radiation protection 
set exposure factors (techniques)
instructions to the patient 
processing the IR
A

5 functions of a radiographic exam

92
Q

upright position, arms adducted, palms forward, head and feet straight ahead

A

anatomic position

93
Q

describes the relationships between body parts in the anatomic position

A

imaginary planes

94
Q

also know as the midsaggital plane and or median plane. this imaginary longitudianal plane divides the body into equal right and left parts

A

sagittal plane

95
Q

also know as midcoronal plane and divedes the body into anterior or posterior

A

coronal plane

96
Q

any transverse plane that passes through the body at a 90* angle to the longitudinal plane. this divides the body into superior and inferior portions

A

horizontal plane

97
Q

a longitudinal or transverse plane that is at an angle or slant and NOT parallel to the sagittal, coronal, or horizontal planes

A

oblique plane

98
Q

also known as dorsal

A

posterior

99
Q

also know as ventral

A

anterior

100
Q

refers to the posterior(sole) of a foot

A

Plantar

101
Q

refers to the anterior(palm) of the hand

A

Palmar

102
Q

type of projection that is touching the surface at only one point

A

Tangential

103
Q

top portion of the lung field

A

apices

104
Q

swayback position

A

lordotic

105
Q

projection through the thorax

A

transthoracic projection

106
Q

means curvature of the spine forward, hunchback

A

kyphotic

107
Q

curvature of the spine from side to side

A

scoliosis

108
Q

position where the head is lower than the feet

A

trendelendburg

109
Q

position where the feet are lower than the head

A

Fowlers

110
Q

a recumbent position with legs spread, knees up and flexed

A

lithotomy

111
Q

5 things to evaluate on film

A 
structures
position
collimation and shielding used
exposure criteria(your technique) good
Markers
112
Q

bony landmark located at C1 and C2 in the dense

A

inion

113
Q

bony landmark located behind the ears at C1, C2 feels like a dip

A

mastoid tip

114
Q

bony landmark located at level C3

A

Gonion

115
Q

bone located at C4

A

hyoid

116
Q

bony landmark located near the clavicle

A

corocoid process

117
Q

bony landmark at C7-T1

A

Vertebra prominens

118
Q

bony landmark at T2-3

A

jugular notch

119
Q

bony landmark T4-5

A

sternal angle

120
Q

bony landmark T9-10

A

Xiphoid process

121
Q

bony landmark L2-3

A

inferior costal(rib)margin

122
Q

bony landmark L4-5 interspace

A

iliac crest

123
Q

bony landmark S1-2

A

anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)(sharp,pokey thing)

124
Q

Bony landmark located at distal coccyx or slightly inferior to

A

greater trochanter

125
Q

~1 inch inferior to distal coccyx

A

symphasis pubis

126
Q

1 to 2 inches inferior to distal coccyx

A

ischial tuberosity

127
Q

the penetration or strength of the xrays being given

A

kVp

128
Q

kVp ranges

A

48-130

129
Q

the number of xrays given or exposure

A

mAs

130
Q

range of mAs

A

.5-630

131
Q

what does it mean to be under penetrated

A

less gray

132
Q

what does it mean to be overpenetrated

A

too many grays

133
Q

what would overexposure look like

A

too much blackening

134
Q

what would underexposure look like

A

too much white

135
Q

low kVp and high mAs gives you what

A

high contrast

Positioning I (radt 131) (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions