Chapter 1 Flashcards
Definition of mental disorder:
Group of emotional cognitive or behavioral symptomsthat cause distress or significant problems
What are the 3 criteria to determining abnormal behavior?
-Deviance from the norm
-Adapting to lifes demands
-Experience of personal distress
Abnormal psychology definition
-Scientific study of troublesome feelings, thoughts, and behaviors
Maladaptive behavior definition
-An action that interferes with day to day life, relationships, daily functioning and ability to care for self.
Psychopathologist definition
Scientist who studies the development and prevention of mental problems
Mass Madness definition
-When groups of individuals simultaneously experience the same affliction or abnormal behaviors
Multicultural psychology
Scientific study of the effect of society on the way people think, feel and act
Diagnosis definition
-defined by rules that outline how many and what features of a mental disorder that must be present
The categorial approach
Medical model. Yes/no approach to diagnosis
The DSM-5 uses what approach? what approach does it also encourage?
Categorical approach, it encourages the dimensional approach
What is the DSM-5?
It contains diagnostic criteria for different metal illnesses
The field of psychopathology
scientific study of psychological disorders
What can emotional distress lead to
Emotional distress can lead to maladaptive behavior, feeling upset, and it can also lead to spikes in emotions (negative)
What does a dimensional perspective involve?
It involves the notion that people only differ in the DEGREE of symptoms/severity
diversity in psychopathology pretty much just means..
Mental disorders can vary greatly across many different demographic categories
Consumer perspective is..
becoming a more informed and aware consumer of scientific information on mental health that’s often presented in highly populated areas
types of prevention (first one on ladder)
Primary- Information for large, broader groups of people, prevention before mental illness pops up in anyone.
types of prevention (second one on ladder)
Secondary- more focused group of people that are showing slight symptoms, but no diagnosis. Higher risk people and they get specfifc screenings and prevention
Types of prevention (third on ladder)
Tertiary: People who have a diagnosed mental disorder and you try to prevent it from getting worse
Victimization:
The idea that your current state results from factors beyond your control
Empowerment approach
The idea that everything is under your control
Stigma can be fought by:
Education and promoting personal contact
Trephination definition
Drilling into affected persons head to ‘release’ the spirit that had taken over the body
Exorcism (definition)
the attempt to cast out the demon possessing the individuals body, usually by punishment or other painful ways. (try to make the demon uncomfortable)
asylum (defintion)
A place reserved exclusively to treat people with psychological disorders, usually separate from the public
Early perspectives thought what of abnormal behavior?
Supernatural causes
Greek and Romans thought of what to treat mental disorders?
Medicines and medical concepts
what did the greek physician, also known as the father of modern medicine, help do?
Hippocrates helped recommend treatments for abnormal behavior that would restore brain functioning by special diets, absence from alcohol, celibacy, exercising.
What was the fathers of modern medicine name?
Hippocrates (460 BC-377 BC)
What happened during the Middle Ages and abnormal behavior?
Due to the Roman Empire falling, the supernatural causes were back (mass madness also appeared)
The Renaissance era helped with what in relation to abnormal behavior?
Rebirth of the scientific approach
The Swiss physician (what’s his name) introduced a new form of treatment called…
Paracelsus (1490-1541) introduced asylums
The reform movement was led by who? What did he introduce?
Phillippe Pinel (1745-1826) introduced a more humane treatment for the patients. He placed them in sunny rooms, let them exercise, and required staff to be kind
What did William Tuke Do?
Created York retreat in England, following same ideals as Pinel
What did Benjamin Rush do?
encouraged more humane treatment of mentally ill patients in America
What did Dorothea Dix do?
-credited with the significant changes in treating patients
-raised awareness, funds and political support for patients
-helped the public stigma of mental disorders in America
-Moral treatment
-opened 30 hospitals to help patients in need
What did Clifford Beers do?
-released a book in 1908 that shed light on his experiences and maltreatment he got when he was in the hospital.
-This sparked a mental health reform
-after he recovered he founded the Connecticut society for mental hygiene (1908) and the national committee for mental hygiene (1909).
What is the Mental hygiene movement?
-promoting a more humane way of rehabilitation through Education, early treatment, and public health measures.
What is the public health model?
-theory that focuses on promoting wellness and helpful practices to avert disease.
What is stigma?
-Characterization by others of disgrace or reproach based on an individual’s characteristic (in this case, mental well-being)
-includes stereotypes
Public stigma
-general disgrace the community puts on people that can result in prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination
Structural stigma
-seen in state laws that limit health insurance coverage for mental health issues
Self stigma
-discriminating against yourself pretty much
